【答案】
分析:(1)首先計算兩個同分母的分?jǐn)?shù)相加,再計算加1
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/0.png)
,算出結(jié)果即可;
(2)首先計算出絕對值,再算加減法;
(3)按照正數(shù)加正數(shù),負(fù)數(shù)加負(fù)數(shù)的原則進行加法計算,再算異號兩數(shù)相加即可;
(4)先統(tǒng)一成加法,再把同號的數(shù)相加,再算異號兩數(shù)相加即可;
(5)先算出乘法的結(jié)果,再算加法計算;
(6)先用乘法分配律,用-36乘以括號里的每一項,再計算加減即可;
(7)按照有理數(shù)混合運算的順序,先乘方,再乘除,后加減,有括號的先算括號里面的,計算過程中注意正負(fù)符號的變化;
(8)按照先乘方,再乘除,后加減的計算順序計算即可;
(9)按照有理數(shù)混合運算的順序,先乘方,再乘除,后加減,有括號的先算括號里面的,計算過程中注意正負(fù)符號的變化;
(10)按照有理數(shù)混合運算的順序,先乘方,再乘除,后加減,計算過程中要注意看準(zhǔn)底數(shù).
解答:解:(1)原式=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/1.png)
+1
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/2.png)
+1
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/3.png)
=2+1
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/4.png)
=3
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/5.png)
;
(2)原式=2+2.5-3=4.5-3=1.5;
(3)原式=24+8+(-14)+(-16)=32+(-30)=2;
(4)原式=-40+(-28)+(-24)+19=-73;
(5)原式=1-1=0;
(6)原式=(-36)×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/6.png)
-(-36)×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/7.png)
+(-36)×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/8.png)
=-27+30-28=-27-28+30=-26;
(7)原式=-1-(3+8)÷6=-1-11÷6=-1-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/9.png)
=-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/10.png)
;
(8)原式=(-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/11.png)
)×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/12.png)
-9×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/13.png)
=-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/14.png)
-4=-4
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/15.png)
;
(9)原式=-1-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/16.png)
×(2-9)=-1-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/17.png)
×(-7)=-1+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/18.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/19.png)
;
(10)原式=-81
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/20.png)
+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/21.png)
÷9=-81×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/22.png)
+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/23.png)
×
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/24.png)
=-36+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/25.png)
=-35
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/czsx/web/STSource/20131101190510218076791/SYS201311011905102180767019_DA/26.png)
.
點評:此題主要考查了有理數(shù)的運算能力.注意:
(1)要正確掌握運算順序,在混合運算中要特別注意運算順序:先三級,后二級,再一級;有括號的先算括號里面的;同級運算按從左到右的順序;
(2)去括號法則:--得+,-+得-,++得+,+-得-.
(3)整式中如果有多重括號應(yīng)按照先去小括號,再去中括號,最后大括號的順序進行.