閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。
For the first time, Zhang Shengyu, a student at Laiyang Middle School in Shandong, didn’t ask her mother to buy _____ a new schoolbag or any new pens for the beginning of the school term. “My old schoolbag can still be used, so there is no need to buy a new one,” Zhang Shengyu said. “I’ve _____ to be thrift* from now on.”
As the ____ of the family’s attention, many of the one-child do not know about the hardships* of life. They sometimes have ____idea of the value* of things. Many students would _____pens and erasers that haven’t been used up and buy new ones. Some students like to have a competition with each other to see whose clothes and school things are ______.
The Ministry of Education _____a notice on its website on Jan 20. It called on students to form good _____ such as stopping wasting food. Many schools think teaching the value of money to be an important ______ and encourage their students to be thrifty.
Teachers at Yu Cai Middle School in Wenzhou gave a speech _______ the food on the first day back to school this year. “When we came back from the holiday, we found a slogan “Empty Plates” on _______ table in the dining room. It tells us that it’s______ OK to waste. In the past, I ordered three dishes for each meal, but now I only order two. ______ I want to try three, I will ask for a smaller one”. Wang Tong said.
Students at No 44 Middle School of Shijiazhuang, Hebei planted many fruit trees in their school. Through taking care of the trees, the students learned ______to cherish* things.
At Tie Yi Middle School in Xi’an, students organized a group to collect used pen refills* and use them for crafts*. “What we students do are small things, ________I think with everyone’s work, we can make a difference,” said Li Dongdong,, a 16-year-old student at the school.
小題1:
A．meB．himC．herD．you
小題2:
A．believedB．decidedC．hoped D．told
小題3:
A．centerB．a(chǎn)ctionC．dream D．corner
小題4:
A．a(chǎn)ny B．someC．noD．a(chǎn)n
小題5:
A．throw awayB．take awayC．put awayD．keep away
小題6:
A．more expensiveB．cheaper
C．more comfortableD．more colorful
小題7:
A．explainedB．showedC．collectedD．saw
小題8:
A．waysB．habitsC．hobbiesD．duty
小題9:
A．lessonB．orderC．subject D．experience
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)boutB．ofC．toD．with
小題11:
A．a(chǎn)llB．someC．bothD．each
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．usualC．sometimes D．never
小題13:
A．BecauseB．When C．UnlessD．If
小題14:
A．howB．whenC．whatD．where
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．soD．or

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:C
小題5:A
小題6:A
小題7:B
小題8:B
小題9:A
小題10:A
小題11:D
小題12:D
小題13:D
小題14:A
小題15:B

試題分析：這篇短文講述的是由于現(xiàn)在獨生子女的家庭越來越多，現(xiàn)在的很多學生都不知道珍惜生活中的事物。因此在教育部的號召下，很多中學都在開展提倡節(jié)儉，反對浪費的活動。短文中給我們舉了一些例子，同時還講述了學生們在這些活動中的感受。
小題1:考查人稱代詞及語境的理解。句意：張生玉，一名來自山東萊陽中學的學生，第一次在新學期開始的時候，沒有向她的媽媽要新書包和新鋼筆。me 我，賓格形式；him 他，賓格形式；her 她，賓格形式；you 你。根據(jù)句意可知，這里的her指的是張生玉。根據(jù)這句話中的her mother 可知，她是一個女孩，故選C。
小題2:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：張生玉說，我已經(jīng)決定了，從現(xiàn)在開始要節(jié)儉。believe 相信，認為；decide 決定；hope 希望；told 的原形是tell，告訴。根據(jù)上句話的意思可知，張生玉在新學期開始的時候，沒有向她的媽媽要新的學習用品，所以她決定要節(jié)儉。故選B。
小題3:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：作為家庭里的中心，許多獨生子女不知道生活的艱難。center中心； action 行動；dream 夢想；corner角落。根據(jù)句意可知，在獨生子女的家庭里，孩子是家庭里的中心，父母都會圍繞孩子轉(zhuǎn)，為他們安排好一切。所以他們不知道生活的艱辛。故選A。
小題4:考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：有時候他們根本不知道東西的價值。any 一些，用在否定句中；some 一些，用在肯定句中；no 沒有；an一個。這里是短語have no idea，意思是不知道。根據(jù)上文的文意可知，現(xiàn)在的獨生子女不知道東西的價值，不知道珍惜。故選C。
小題5:考查動詞短語及語境的理解。句意：很多學生會把還沒有用完的橡皮和鋼筆扔掉，再買新的。throw away 扔掉；take away 帶走；put away 放起來，放好；keep away遠離…。根據(jù)上文的意思可知，很多獨生子女不知道東西的價值，所以這里應該是說鋼筆和橡皮還沒有用完就背扔掉。故選A。
小題6:考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：還有些學生喜歡互相攀比，看誰的衣服和學習用品更貴。more expensive 更貴；cheaper 更便宜；more comfortable 更舒適；more colorful更多姿多彩。根據(jù)這里的文意可知，這幾句話都是在說現(xiàn)在的獨生子女不知道珍惜，浪費，還會互相攀比，所以這里應該是比誰的東西更貴。故選A。
小題7:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：1月20日，教育部在它的網(wǎng)站上展示了一個通知。explain 解釋；show 展示；collect 收集；saw的原形是 see，看見。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應該是說在網(wǎng)站上展示。故選B。
小題8:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：它號召同學們養(yǎng)成好的習慣，如停止浪費食物。way方式，方法； habit 習慣；hobby 愛好；duty職責，責任。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是教育部希望學生們養(yǎng)成好習慣。故鄉(xiāng)按B。
小題9:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：很多學校認為，教學生們錢的重要性是重要的一課，鼓勵學生們要節(jié)儉。lesson 課；order 命令；subject 科目；experience經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)文意可知，教育學生們要節(jié)儉也是重要的一課。故選A。
小題10:考查介詞及語境的理解。句意：今年開學的第一天，溫州育才中學的老師們做了一個關于食物的演講。about 關于；of ……的；to 到……；with和，帶有。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是說關于食物的演講。故選A。
小題11:考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：當我們從假期中回來的時候，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在餐廳里的每一個桌子上都有一條標語：吃光盤子里的食物。all 所有的，后面應該跟名詞的復數(shù)；some 一些，后也跟復數(shù)形式；both 兩個都，同樣跟復數(shù)形式；each每一個，后面跟單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意和空后的table可知選D。
小題12:考查副詞及語境的理解。句意：這個標語告訴我們浪費是不可以的。always 總是；usual通常的； sometimes 有時候；never 從不。根據(jù)句意可知，這個標語告訴我們要吃光盤子里的食物，不能浪費。故選D。
小題13:考查連詞及語境的理解。句意：如果我想點三盤的話，我會用小一點的盤子。because 因為；when當……時候； unless 除非；if 如果。根據(jù)句意可知，自從餐廳里有了這個標語之后，學生們都開始注意節(jié)約食物，不浪費。所以如果吃三盤的話，會用更小一點的盤子。故選D。
小題14:考查疑問詞及語境的理解。句意：石家莊44中學在校園里種了很多果樹。通過照顧這些果樹，學生們學會了怎樣珍惜事物。how 怎樣；when 什么時候；what 什么；where在哪里。根據(jù)句意可知，通過照顧學校里的果樹，學生們學會了怎樣珍惜東西。故選A。
小題15:考查連詞及語境的理解。句意：我們學生們做的都是一些小事，但是我認為如果每個人都盡一份力，我們就會取得成就。and 和，表示并列；but 但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折；so 因此，所以，表示因果關系；or或者，否則。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是轉(zhuǎn)折的關系，故選B。
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小題3:Many museums have             with information about the things you can see in them.
A．ticket pricesB．their websites
C．open hoursD．free days

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork, and parents might worry about their child’s success at school. Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree?
Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong, is a running star. He is on his school running team and has always wanted to be a professional athlete. 小題1:________________ “Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams,” says Mr Liu, “and we know how much he loves running. That’s great, and my wife and I have watched him in every one of his races. 小題2:. ________________ But we do think that our son needs to be realistic. Now that he is getting older, he needs to think about what will happen小題3:. ________________.” Liu Yu doesn’t really agree. “Well, I think I should be allowed to make decisions for myself,” he says. “My parents have always taught me the importance of working hard and not just to do what I enjoy. I understand this. 小題4:. ________________ Being a professional runners is the only thing I have ever wanted to do.”
Mr and Mrs Liu believe that Liu Yu should study hard in the evenings, and so they don’t allow him to practice running on school nights. “I know this seems strict,” says Mrs Liu, “but we think we’re doing the right thing. He has to understand that very few people can become professional athletes. It’s very difficult dream to achieve. We don’t allow him to practice every day 小題5:________________”
A. if he doesn’t become a professional runner in the end.
B. However, his parents won’t allow him to train as much as he would like to.
C. But I’m serious about running.
D. because we think he needs to spend time on his homework.
E. We have nothing against running.

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