Question

【題目】閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意:請(qǐng)將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格里只填一個(gè)單詞。

Many of us have had this experience: we lie down in a bed other than our own, perhaps at a friend’s house or in a hotel room, and find it difficult to fall asleep.

Why does it happen?

A new study shows one reason is what the scientists call “first night effect”. They believe that one side of the brain acts as a “night watch” to warn us about possible dangers. It prevents us from getting to sleep on the first night in a new environment.

For the study, 35 young volunteers were asked to sleep in a sleep lab for several days as researchers watched their brain activities.

According to the researchers, on their first night, the left brain was more active than the right brain and people had a hard time sleeping. However, the left brain activity decreased(降低) as days went by, falling even to the point of complete calm. In this process, the volunteers got better and better sleep experience.

The findings show that the different rhythms(節(jié)奏) of the sides of the brain affect our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken. So the brain can’t relax and is sensitive(敏感的) to anything strange around.

“At some level, the brain is continuing to work, even though you don’t realize it,” US professor Jerome Siegel told Smithsonian Magazine. “If something unusual happens, you can be alert(警惕的)”.

More surprisingly, this is like the way some animals sleep. Whales, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other half stays awake, with one eye staying open.

The researchers think that it is the result of evolution(進(jìn)化) and works to protect us in possibly dangerous environments.

If you have ever had first night effect, researchers advise you to bring your own pillow or sleep in a room similar to your bedroom next time you sleep away from home.

First night effect
People’s possible experience	Many people have 【1】 getting to sleep on the first night in a new environment.
The findings of the study	First night effect forces us to stay awake as one side of the brain is alert to possible dangers. As days go by, people’s sleep experience 【2】 as the left-brain activity falls.
The explanations to the findings	On the first night in a new environment, people’s left brain is more active than the right brain and that 【3】 the balance between them. Our brains continue to work without being realized at night so that we can be sensitive to anything unusual. Some other animals sleep in the similar way, which is thought to be 【4】 by evolution.
【5】 from researchers	Bring your own pillow or sleep in a bedroom that looks like yours.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】difficulty/trouble

【2】improves

【3】breaks

【4】caused

【5】suggestions/advice

【解析】

文章介紹的是在新的環(huán)境中第一晚睡不著的現(xiàn)象，研究人員把這叫做“第一晚效應(yīng)”，并介紹了研究的結(jié)果以及給出如何度過(guò)“第一晚效應(yīng)”的建議。

【1】

根據(jù)文中Many of us have had this experience: we lie down in a bed other than our own, perhaps at a friend's house or in a hotel room, and find it difficult to fall asleep.可知，很多人在一個(gè)新的環(huán)境中的第一晚很難入睡，所以這里應(yīng)該填“困難”，英語(yǔ)是difficulty/ trouble，故答案為difficulty/trouble。

【2】

根據(jù)文中However, the left brain activity decreased(降低) as days went by, falling even to the point of complete calm. In this process, the volunteers got better and better sleep experience.可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移，左腦活動(dòng)減弱，甚至下降到完全平靜的程度。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，志愿者得到了越來(lái)越好的睡眠體驗(yàn)。也就是在這個(gè)過(guò)程中睡眠改善了，故答案為improves。

【3】

根據(jù)文中The findings show that the different rhythms(節(jié)奏) of the sides of the brain affect our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken. 研究結(jié)果表明，大腦兩側(cè)的不同節(jié)奏會(huì)影響我們的睡眠。當(dāng)雙方的工作方式不同時(shí)，他們之間的平衡就被打破了�？芍�在新環(huán)境的第一天晚上，人們的左腦比右腦更活躍，這就是他們之間的平衡被打破了，所以這里缺的是“打破”，英語(yǔ)是break，前句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以這里也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為breaks。

【4】

根據(jù)文中More surprisingly, this is like the way some animals sleep. Whales, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other half stays awake, with one eye staying open. The researchers think that it is the result of evolution(進(jìn)化) and works to protect us in possibly dangerous environments. 更令人驚訝的是，這就像一些動(dòng)物的睡眠方式。鯨魚(yú)、海豚和許多鳥(niǎo)類可以用一半的大腦睡覺(jué)，而另一半保持清醒，一只眼睛睜著。研究人員認(rèn)為這是進(jìn)化的結(jié)果，在可能危險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境中保護(hù)我們�？芍�這是進(jìn)化造成的，故答案為caused。

【5】

根據(jù)文中If you have ever had first night effect, researchers advise you to bring your own pillow or sleep in a room similar to your bedroom next time you sleep away from home. 如果你曾經(jīng)有過(guò)“第一晚效應(yīng)”，研究人員建議你下次離家睡覺(jué)時(shí)帶上自己的枕頭或睡在與臥室相似的房間里。可知這里是在提出一些建議，所以可以用advice，也可以用suggestions，故答案為suggestions/advice。