Sleep

Babies sleep about eighteen hours a day．Mrs. Thatcher and Napoleon both said they only needed to do it three or four hours a night．Sleep．No one can live without it．But how much do we really need?

Research（研究）by the National Sleep Foundation in Washington says that we all need eight hours' sleep every night．Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than six and a half hours a night are more often ill than people who sleep for eight hours．Going without sleep also increases（增加）the chance of serious illness．Workaholics（工作狂）who sleep for less than five hours often die young，and do less well at work．

The scientists found that adults（成年人）usually sleep for seven hours a night，with 32% sleeping less than six hours．

It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue．“People have no idea how important sleep is to their lives，” Dr Thomas Roth，director of the Foundation says．“Good health needs good sleep．”

“But not too much of it，”says Professor Jim Horne of Loughborough University．“Sleep is like food and drink，”he believes，“you would always like to have a little bit more，but that doesn’t mean you need it．” Professor Home studied a group of people who could spend as many hours as they wanted in bed，after ten hours they didn't find it any easier to get up in the morning．And people who sleep for more than nine hours a night die younger than people who usually sleep for seven or eight!

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1．How many hours a day do babies sleep?        ．

A．8 hours                B．3 hours                   C．4 hours                  D．18 hours

2．It's                   for your health to work without sleep．

A．good                   B．healthy                    C．bad                        D．useful

3．The word “it” means                in the sentence “But not too much of it”．

A．idea                     B．sleep                       C．work                     D．study

4．Professor Horne found it was not             for people to get up in the morning after ten hours' sleep．

A．easier                  B．happier                   C．more important       D．more difficult

5．The passage（文章）is about                 ．

A．spots                   B．food                       C．sleep                      D．drink

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Do you know why you sleep? You may think it’s because you’re tired. Or perhaps you’ve been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.

Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.

Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses（脈搏）went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.

One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.

1.During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.

A．stop   B．increase     C．decrease   D．stay the same

2.Which word in paragraph（段落）3 means “colorful and lively”?

A．easier         B．empty         C．vivid   D．quickly

3.Which paragraph tells what happens when people don’t get enough sleep?

A．1         B．2         C．3         D．4

4.What is the main idea of the article?

A．REM sleep helps the brain grow.

B．REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists.

C．REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage.

D．REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.

5.You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.

A．has a restful effect on people

B．can be avoided with lots of sleep

C．is something that all people experience

D．is something that all scientists agree on

 

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