【題目】2016年6月25日20時(shí)00分07秒，長(zhǎng)征七號(hào)運(yùn)載火箭從海南文昌航天發(fā)射中心首次發(fā)射，成功將載荷送入預(yù)定軌道，任務(wù)取得圓滿成功。如圖所示，長(zhǎng)征七號(hào)多級(jí)火箭發(fā)射時(shí)，第一級(jí)火箭點(diǎn)火后，使衛(wèi)星向上勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度為50 m/s2，燃燒30 s后第一級(jí)脫離，第二級(jí)火箭沒(méi)有馬上點(diǎn)火，所以衛(wèi)星向上做加速度為10 m/s2的勻減速運(yùn)動(dòng)，10 s后第二級(jí)火箭啟動(dòng)，衛(wèi)星向上的加速度為80 m/s2，這樣經(jīng)過(guò)1分半鐘第二級(jí)火箭脫離時(shí)，衛(wèi)星的速度多大？

請(qǐng)你用v-t圖象描述這一過(guò)程。

【答案】8 600 m/s；如圖所示

【解析】整個(gè)過(guò)程中衛(wèi)星的運(yùn)動(dòng)不是勻變速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，但可以分為三個(gè)勻變速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)處理。

第一級(jí)火箭燃燒完畢時(shí)的速度

v1＝a1t1＝50×30 m/s＝1 500 m/s

減速上升10 s后的速度

v2＝v1－a2t2＝1500 m/s－10×10 m/s＝1 400 m/s

第二級(jí)火箭熄火時(shí)的速度

v3＝v2＋a3t3＝1 400 m/s＋80×90 m/s＝8 600 m/s。

“v-t”圖象如圖所示。

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