【題目】田納西河流域示意圖，回答下列問題。

（1）從農(nóng)業(yè)分布來看，田納西河流域是美國的______帶，長期高強(qiáng)度的種植造成________。

（2）該地區(qū)在早期開發(fā)中，植被破壞嚴(yán)重，試分析其原因___________________________________________。

（3）在河流的開發(fā)利用中：圖中A是河流發(fā)源地；其生態(tài)環(huán)境直接影響河流的________和________，因此應(yīng)保護(hù)好它的________；圖中B是流域開發(fā)重點(diǎn)部分，應(yīng)注意水資源的________和________的保護(hù)；圖中C是河谷平原，是人類活動(dòng)比較集中的地區(qū)，因此是________保護(hù)的重點(diǎn)。

【答案】

（1）棉花 土地退化

（2）流域內(nèi)人口激增，毀林開荒擴(kuò)大耕地面積；獲取煉銅用的木炭；礦山開采破壞地表植被。

（3）水量 水質(zhì) 植被 合理分配 水質(zhì) 生態(tài)環(huán)境

【解析】

試題分析：

（1）結(jié)合美國農(nóng)業(yè)帶的分布，圖示田納西河流域的農(nóng)業(yè)帶為棉花帶，長期高強(qiáng)度的種植，會(huì)造成地表被沖蝕嚴(yán)重，土壤肥力下降，最終導(dǎo)致土地退化。

（2）田納西河流域早期開發(fā)出現(xiàn)的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題是土地退化、植被破壞、環(huán)境污染；這些問題主要是由于人口過快增長，大量毀林開荒，開采礦產(chǎn)破壞地表植被導(dǎo)致土地退化、植被破壞；

（3）圖中A地處河流上游，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)植被保護(hù)；B是河流流域開發(fā)的主體，應(yīng)注意水體的水質(zhì)保護(hù)及合理分配；C是河谷平原，是人類活動(dòng)的集中地區(qū)，應(yīng)注意生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護(hù)。

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