已知函數(shù)f(x)=x2+ax-lnx,a∈R.
(1)若函數(shù)f(x)在[1,2]上是減函數(shù),求實數(shù)a的取值范圍;
(2)令g(x)=f(x)-x2,是否存在實數(shù)a,當x∈(0,e](e是自然常數(shù))時,函數(shù)g(x)的最小值是3,若存 在,求出a的值;若不存在,說明理由.
【答案】
分析:(1)由函數(shù)f(x)在[1,2]上是減函數(shù)得
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在[1,2]上恒成立,即有h(x)=2x
2+ax-1≤0成立求解.
(2)先假設(shè)存在實數(shù)a,求導得
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=
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,a在系數(shù)位置對它進行討論,結(jié)合x∈(0,e]分當a≤0時,當
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時,當
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時三種情況進行.
解答:解:(1)
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在[1,2]上恒成立,
令h(x)=2x
2+ax-1,
有
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得
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,
得
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(6分)
(2)假設(shè)存在實數(shù)a,使g(x)=ax-lnx(x∈(0,e])有最小值3,
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=
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(7分)
當a≤0時,g(x)在(0,e]上單調(diào)遞減,g(x)
min=g(e)=ae-1=3,
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(舍去),
∴g(x)無最小值.
當
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時,g(x)在
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上單調(diào)遞減,在
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上單調(diào)遞增
∴
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,a=e
2,滿足條件.(11分)
當
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時,g(x)在(0,e]上單調(diào)遞減,g(x)
min=g(e)=ae-1=3,
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(舍去),
∴f(x)無最小值.(13分)
綜上,存在實數(shù)a=e
2,使得當x∈(0,e]時f(x)有最小值3.(14分)
點評:本題主要考查轉(zhuǎn)化化歸、分類討論等思想的應(yīng)用,函數(shù)若為單調(diào)函數(shù),則轉(zhuǎn)化為不等式恒成立問題,解決時往往又轉(zhuǎn)化求函數(shù)最值問題.