【答案】
分析:①前24項構(gòu)成的數(shù)列是:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/0.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/1.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/2.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/3.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/4.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/5.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/6.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/7.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/8.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/9.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/10.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/11.png)
,…,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/12.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/13.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/14.png)
,故a
24=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/15.png)
;
②數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/16.png)
,1,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/17.png)
,2,…
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/18.png)
,由等差數(shù)列定義知:數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是等差數(shù)列;
③數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是等差數(shù)列,所以由等差數(shù)列前n項和公式可知:Tn=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/19.png)
;
④由③知S
k<10,S
k+1≥10,即:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/20.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/21.png)
,故a
k=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/22.png)
.
解答:解:①前24項構(gòu)成的數(shù)列是:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/23.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/24.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/25.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/26.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/27.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/28.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/29.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/30.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/31.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/32.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/33.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/34.png)
,…,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/35.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/36.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/37.png)
,
∴a
24=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/38.png)
,故①正確;
②數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/39.png)
,1,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/40.png)
,2,…
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/41.png)
,
由等差數(shù)列定義
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/42.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/43.png)
(常數(shù))
所以數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是等差數(shù)列,故②不正確.
③∵數(shù)列a
1,a
2+a
3,a
4+a
5+a
6,a
7+a
8+a
9+a
10,…是等差數(shù)列,
所以由等差數(shù)列前n項和公式可知:Tn=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/44.png)
,故③正確;
④由③知S
k<10,S
k+1≥10,
即:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/45.png)
,
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/46.png)
,∴k=7,a
k=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131024190032300021251/SYS201310241900323000212015_DA/47.png)
.故④正確.
故答案為:①③④.
點評:本題主要考查探究數(shù)列的規(guī)律,轉(zhuǎn)化數(shù)列,構(gòu)造數(shù)列來研究相應數(shù)列通項和前n項和問題,這種題難度較大,必須從具體到一般地靜心研究,再推廣到一般得到結(jié)論.