Question

【題目】請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)淖⒁猓赫?qǐng)將答案寫在答題紙上相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。

“One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight...” That is the signal for half a dozen people braving a humid morning at Kamezuka park in Tokyo to bend, stretch, jump, and run on the spot. The group's personal trainer is a portable radio fixed on the top of a children's slide. A male voice’s simple instructions, issued to a lively piano accompaniment, have become a necessity of daily life in Japan since the broadcasts, known as Rajio Tais(radio calisthenics, first hit the airwaves almost a century ago.)

In 2003,the most recent year for which data is available, 27 million people said they took part in morning calisthenics more than twice a week, whether at work, at home in front of the TV or with Neighbors in the local park. Children perform Rajio Taiso before school sports days or during special summer holiday sessions ,earning credits that can be exchanged for snacks, stationery and other gifts.

Regular participants cover a broad cross-section of Japanese society: construction, factory and office workers including the 10,000 employees of the Tokyo metropolitan government, who are encouraged to leave their desks and start moving at 3 p.m. every weekday.

There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath. In 1999,a routine was added for people who use wheelchairs or have other mobility issues.

“Studies show that people who exercise this way for just a few minutes a day have improved bone density, reduced risk of suffering a stroke or heart attack, and are generally in better physical shape than other people their age who don't exercise,” says Yasuo Fukusnl, secretary general of the Japan Radio Taiso Federation.

“There has never been any pressure to modernise the programme, because people have grown up with it and know it off by heart,” adds Fukushi, who believes the routine helps explain the impressive lifespan of Japanese people.

“We even do this when it rains,” says Tomomi Okamoto, a company director who joins the Kamezuka park sessions in all weathers. “It gets the blood pumping and I always feel much better afterwards. It's a great way to start the day,” she says. “But it's not just about the exercise- it is a way of communicating with your neighbors and getting to know people.”

Introduction	●Radio calisthenics have won a 【1】 in Japanese daily life.
【2】	●Children performing radio calisthenics to earn credits in 【3】 for gifts. ●Adults from all walks of life encouraged to participate 【4】.
Different routines	●Two standard routines 【5】 various aerobic exercises, leaving performers a bit 【6】 ●In 1999,an extra one was designed for those 【7】 challenged.
Potential benefits	●Compared with those who don't exercise,people who keep exercising per day are in better 【8】,with bones and hearts strengthened. ●People who make it a habit to exercise are likely to have their lifespan 【9】 ●Some individuals consider Radio calisthenics an exercise as well as a way of 【10】

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】place

【2】Participants/Performers

【3】exchange

【4】regularly

【5】involve/include

【6】breathless

【7】physically

【8】health/shape/condition

【9】lengthened /extended

【10】communication /communicating/ interaction/interacting

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了廣播體操在日本的流行情況、參與者的情況、不同的廣播體操版本和廣播體操的好處。

【1】考查名詞。根據(jù)第一段中A male voice’s simple instructions, issued to a lively piano accompaniment, have become a necessity of daily life in Japan since the broadcasts, known as Rajio Tais(radio calisthenics, first hit the airwaves almost a century ago.)可知自從被稱為Rajio Tais（廣播健美操，大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)前首次在電視上播出）的廣播播出以來(lái)，男聲的簡(jiǎn)單指令，加上活潑的鋼琴伴奏，已經(jīng)成為日本人日常生活的必需品。由此可知，廣播健美操在日本人的日常生活中占有一席之地。表示“占有一席之地”短語(yǔ)為win a place。故填place。

【2】考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)文章第二、三段分別說(shuō)明了兒童和各行各業(yè)的人士也在參與，可知此部分是在討論廣播體操的參與者。由此可知，表示“參與者”可用可數(shù)名詞participant或performer，且前面沒(méi)有冠詞故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，句首字母要大寫。故填Participants/Performers。

【3】考查固定短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)第二段中Children perform Rajio Taiso before school sports days or during special summer holiday sessions ,earning credits that can be exchanged for snacks, stationery and other gifts.可知孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)日之前或特殊的暑假期間表演拉練Taiso，賺取學(xué)分，可以換取零食、文具和其他禮物。由此可知，孩子們表演廣播健美操，以掙得學(xué)分來(lái)交換禮物。表示“作為……的交換，交換”短語(yǔ)為in exchange for。故填exchange。

【4】考查副詞。根據(jù)第三段Regular participants cover a broad cross-section of Japanese society: construction, factory and office workers including the 10,000 employees of the Tokyo metropolitan government, who are encouraged to leave their desks and start moving at 3 p.m. every weekday.可知定期參加活動(dòng)的人來(lái)自日本社會(huì)的各個(gè)階層：建筑業(yè)、工廠和辦公室職員，其中包括東京市政府的1萬(wàn)名員工。市政府鼓勵(lì)這些人在每個(gè)工作日的下午3點(diǎn)離開辦公桌開始工作。由此可知，鼓勵(lì)各行各業(yè)的成年人定期參加。修飾動(dòng)詞participate應(yīng)用副詞regularly，表示“定期地”。故填regularly。

【5】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第四段中There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath.可知有兩項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的訓(xùn)練——第二項(xiàng)比第一項(xiàng)稍微有一點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性——每項(xiàng)都包括手臂旋轉(zhuǎn)、前屈、跨騎跳躍和其他有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，這些運(yùn)動(dòng)都是為了運(yùn)動(dòng)每一塊肌肉，讓參與者稍微喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。由此可知，兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)套路涉及/包括各種有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，讓表演者有點(diǎn)喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。表示“涉及，包括”可用動(dòng)詞involve或include，且陳述客觀事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為Two standard routines，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。故填involve/include。

【6】考查形容詞。根據(jù)第四段中There are two standard routines-the second slightly more challenging than the first-each involving arm rotations, forward bends, straddle jumps and other aerobic exercises designed to move every muscle and leave participants slightly out of breath.可知有兩項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的體操——第二項(xiàng)比第一項(xiàng)稍微有一點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性——每項(xiàng)都包括手臂旋轉(zhuǎn)、前屈、跨騎跳躍和其他有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，這些運(yùn)動(dòng)都是為了運(yùn)動(dòng)每一塊肌肉，讓參與者稍微喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。由此可知，兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體操包括各種有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)，讓表演者有點(diǎn)喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。表示“喘不上氣的”形容詞為breathless相當(dāng)于文中的out of breath。故填breathless。

【7】考查副詞。根據(jù)第四段中In 1999,a routine was added for people who use wheelchairs or have other mobility issues.可知1999年，為使用輪椅或有其他行動(dòng)問(wèn)題的人增加了一項(xiàng)體操。由此可知，1999年，又為殘障人士增設(shè)了一套。表示“有生理缺陷的，殘疾的”短語(yǔ)為physically challenged。故填physically。

【8】考查名詞。根據(jù)第五段“Studies show that people who exercise this way for just a few minutes a day have improved bone density, reduced risk of suffering a stroke or heart attack, and are generally in better physical shape than other people their age who don't exercise,” says Yasuo Fukusnl, secretary general of the Japan Radio Taiso Federation.可知“研究表明，每天只鍛煉幾分鐘的人，骨密度提高，中風(fēng)或心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低，身體狀況一般比其他同齡不鍛煉的人好，”日本Taiso廣播電臺(tái)聯(lián)合會(huì)秘書長(zhǎng)Yasuo Fukusnl說(shuō)。由此可知，與那些不鍛煉的人相比，每天堅(jiān)持鍛煉的人身體狀況更好，骨骼和心臟更強(qiáng)壯。表示“身體狀況好，更健康”短語(yǔ)為be in better health/shape/condition。故填health/shape/condition。

【9】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第六段“There has never been any pressure to modernise the programme, because people have grown up with it and know it off by heart,” adds Fukushi, who believes the routine helps explain the impressive lifespan of Japanese people.可知Fukushi補(bǔ)充道:“從來(lái)沒(méi)有任何使這個(gè)項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)代化的壓力，因?yàn)槿藗兪前殡S著它長(zhǎng)大的，而且已經(jīng)熟記于心�！彼�相信這個(gè)程序有助于解釋日本人令人印象深刻的壽命。由此可知，養(yǎng)成鍛煉習(xí)慣的人有可能延長(zhǎng)壽命。表示“延長(zhǎng)”動(dòng)詞為lengthen或extend，且根據(jù)上文可知此處為“have sth. done”結(jié)構(gòu)，lengthen或extend與lifespan構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。故填lengthened /extended。

【10】考查名詞或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)第七段中“But it's not just about the exercise- it is a way of communicating with your neighbors and getting to know people.”可知“但這不僅僅是一種鍛煉，也是一種與鄰居交流、認(rèn)識(shí)人的方式。”由此可知，有些人認(rèn)為廣播體操既是一種鍛煉，也是一種交流方式。介詞of后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞形式，表示“交流”可用communicate或interact。各自的名詞形式為communication和interaction，動(dòng)名詞形式為communicating和interacting。故填communication /communicating/ interaction/interacting。