【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式,最多不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。

Alfred Nobel was born in Sweden and then moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father made a strong position for 【1】 in the engineering industry, but unfortunately went bankrupt few years later. Nobel had never been to school 【2】 university, but had studied 【3】 (private) and became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, 【4】 (speak) Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. Unlike his father, he had better luck in business and showed more 【5】 (finance) sense. He was quick to see industrial chances for his scientific inventions and 【6】 (build) up over eighty companies in twenty different countries. But his main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific 【7】 (discover). Instead, he was always searching for a 【8】 (mean) for life. In 1896, Nobel died in Italy. In his will, he left money 【9】 (provide) prizes for outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature and Peace. And so, the man is remembered and respected long 【10】 his death.

【答案】

【1】himself

【2】or

【3】privately

【4】speaking

【5】financial

【6】built

【7】discoveries

【8】meaning

【9】to provide

【10】after

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹Alfred Nobel的出生、家庭、他的事業(yè)成就和他設(shè)立的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。

【1】himself 句意：他爸爸為自己在工程行業(yè)找了一個(gè)很好的位置。故填himself。

【2】or Alfred Nobel沒(méi)有上過(guò)學(xué)，也沒(méi)有上過(guò)大學(xué)。or在此表“或者”。

【3】privately 修飾動(dòng)詞studied用副詞。故填privately。

【4】speaking 根據(jù)與邏輯主語(yǔ)Nobel是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填speaking。

【5】financial 使用形容詞修飾名詞sense。故填financial。

【6】built 根據(jù)上文的was可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填built。

【7】discoveries 形容詞scientific修飾名詞discovery，這是可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有不定冠詞說(shuō)明是復(fù)數(shù)。故填discoveries。

【8】meaning 根據(jù)前面有冠詞a，故判斷這里用名詞。故填meaning。

【9】to provide 句意：他留下錢，為了給物理，化學(xué)，生理學(xué)，藥學(xué)，文學(xué)和和平方面的杰出工作提供獎(jiǎng)金。使用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to provide。

【10】after 句意：因此，這個(gè)人在他死后很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間被人們紀(jì)念和尊敬。故填after。

【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】

從外觀上看，語(yǔ)法填空分為兩種考查形式，即橫線后有提示詞，和橫線后無(wú)提示詞。這看似直白簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)有任何意義，卻直接決定這一題型的解題思路。

首先，觀察是否有提示詞。如有提示詞：考生要運(yùn)用根據(jù)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空的技巧。

可填詞性：動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞。

———若提示詞為動(dòng)詞則先要進(jìn)行兩個(gè)步驟：

（1）將有橫線的部分以句子為單位進(jìn)行劃分。

（2）標(biāo)出句子中動(dòng)詞 a.若句中無(wú)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則需考慮 ① 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) ②主謂一致

b.若句中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而且沒(méi)有連詞，則需考慮非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

———若提示詞為名詞，則需考慮

①可數(shù)名詞或是不可數(shù)名詞。 ②可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。

———若提示詞為形容詞副詞則需考慮

①形容詞修飾名詞。

②副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及整個(gè)句子。 ③形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)。

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