【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?/span>(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

Hakka Earth Building is a bright pearl of Chinese civilization. It is praised as a magnificent architectural work of village houses in 【1】 world for its long history, unique style, smart structure and magnificent scale, which is 【2】 (close) related to the history of Hakka people in the mountainous areas in Fujian.

Earthen houses are made 【3】 earth, stone, bamboo and wood, all readily available materials which are used 【4】 (form) walls up to 6 feet thick. The end result is a windproof, quake-proof building that is warmer in winter and cooler in summer 【5】 others. The top has gun holes for defensive purposes. In addition to the unique function of defending against the 【6】 (enemy), the earth building also has the characteristics of fire prevention, guarding against wild animals and good lighting. What is amazing about these earth buildings 【7】 (be) the fact that some of them are over 700 years old, surviving through natural elements, including earthquakes.

In 2008, a total of 46 Fujiantulou sites 【8】 (list) as World Heritage Site by UNESCO. They’re exceptional examples of a building tradition and function 【9】 (represent) a particular type of group living and defensive organization in a 【10】 (harmony) relationship with their environment.

【答案】

【1】the

【2】closely

【3】of

【4】to form

【5】than

【6】enemies

【7】is

【8】were listed

【9】representing

【10】harmonious

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中華文明的一顆璀璨明珠——客家土樓。

【1】考查定冠詞。句意：它以其悠久的歷史、獨特的風格、精巧的結構、宏偉的規(guī)模，被譽為世界上最宏偉的村屋建筑作品，與福建山區(qū)客家人的歷史息息相關。world是專有名詞，要用定冠詞修飾，故填the。

【2】考查副詞。句意同上，修飾句子用副詞，故填closely。

【3】考查固定短語。句意：土屋是由泥土、石頭、竹子和木頭制成的，所有這些材料都是現(xiàn)成的，用來建造高達6英尺厚的墻壁。be made of表示“由……制成的”，表示制成成品后仍然可以看出原材料。故填of。

【4】考查不定式。句意同上，sth be used to do表示“某物被用來做”，故填to form。

【5】考查介詞。句意：它是防風、抗震的房子，冬天比其他的房屋更暖和，夏天比其他的房屋更涼爽。根據(jù)“warmer”和“cooler”可知此處表示“比”，故填than。

【6】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：土樓除了具有防御敵人的獨特功能外，還具有防火、防野獸、采光良好的特點。enemy是可數(shù)名詞，此處用復數(shù)表泛指，故填enemies。

【7】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這些土樓的驚人之處在于，其中一些已經(jīng)有700多年的歷史了，它們在包括地震在內一些自然元素中幸存下來。陳述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是What is amazing about these earth buildings，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填is。

【8】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：2008年，共有46處福建土樓遺址被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)。時間狀語“In 2008”表明事情發(fā)生在過去，46 Fujiantulou sites 與list之間是被動關系，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，謂語動詞也用復數(shù)形式，故填were listed。

【9】考查非謂語動詞。句意：它們是建筑傳統(tǒng)和功能的特殊例子，代表了一種特定類型的群體生活和防御組織，與他們的環(huán)境保持著和諧的關系。分析句子結構可知此處使用非謂語動詞， a building tradition and function與represent之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，表示主動，用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，故填representing。

【10】考查形容詞。句意同上，修飾名詞relationship用形容詞，故填harmonious。

注意be made of和be made from都表示“由……制成”，主語為制成品，區(qū)別在于： be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材內料是什么，保留原材料的質和形狀，制作過程僅發(fā)生物理變化，如：The kite is made of paper．風箏是用紙做的；be made from 表示制成的東西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作過程中發(fā)生化學變化，在成品中已無法辨認，如：The paper is made from wood．紙是木頭做的；Butter is made from milk．黃油是從牛奶中提容煉出來的。

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