Question

Although man has known asbestos （石棉） for many hundreds of years, it was not until 160 years ago that it was mined for the first time on the North American continent. H.W.Johns, owner of a New York City Supply Shop for roofers, was responsible for the opening of that first mine．
Mr.Johns was given a piece of asbestos which had been found in Italy． He experimented with the material and then showed its surprising powers to his customers. After putting on a pair of asbestos gloves, which looked much like ordinary work gloves, he took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in his hands.How astonished the customers were to discover that he was not burned at all．You can well imagine that he had increasing business in asbestos roofing materials． However, because it was very expensive to transport them from Italy to the United States, Mr.Johns sent out a young scientist to seek a source nearer home. This young man found great vein（巖脈）, in the province of Quebec in Canada．
Ever since 1881 Quebec has led the world in the production of this unusual mineral, which is made up of magnesium, silicon, iron, and oxygen．When it is mined, the asbestos is heavy, just as you would expect a mineral to be．When it is separated, a strange thing happens: the rock breaks down into fine, soft, soapy fibres．
Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into threads, but they have found thousands of uses of this fireproof material, of the so-called “cloth of stone”．
【小題1】Which title best expresses the main idea of this passage?

A．Asbestos mined in Canada	B．Fireproof matter
C．A “wonder” mineral	D．A new roofing material

【小題2】Johns proved his ability as a salesman by_______．

A．going into roofing business	B．carrying asbestos from Italy
C．sending a trained scientist	D．showing the use of asbestos gloves

【小題3】Which is the most important characteristic of asbestos that the author wants to show us?

A．It is like thread．	B．It feels soapy．
C．It burns easily．	D．It is unusually heavy．

【小題4】The author’s main purpose in writing this passage was to _______．

A．show the need for more scientists

B．compare asbestos with other minerals

C．increase the sales of asbestos

D．present facts about asbestos

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
【小題4】D

解析試題分析：本文講述了盡管人類早就幾百年前就知道石棉，可是真正的在北美開采是在160年前。短文介紹了耐火材料石棉在北美的開采過程及它的神奇耐火作用
【小題1】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)短文主要介紹了石棉的神奇作用。故選C。
【小題2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)After putting on a pair of asbestos gloves, …took red-hot coals from the fireplace and played with them in his hands 可推知，他是用當(dāng)場演示的方法來推銷他的產(chǎn)品的。故答案為D。
【小題3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)When it is separated, a strange thing happens; the rock breaks down into fine, soft, soapy fibres(纖維)及Scientists do not know why the rock can be separated easily into thread 可以斷定答案為A。
【小題4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)從短文中可以看出來作者寫這篇文章只不過陳述事實而已。故選D。
考點：自然類短文閱讀。
點評：標(biāo)題是文章中心思想的精煉表達，多為詞組或短語，涵蓋性強。做這類題目時，要在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，以文章話題為核心，通過比較選項的概括性或 覆蓋面，得出正確的標(biāo)題。正確標(biāo)題的歸納范圍要恰如其分，避免過于具體或斷章取義。錯誤的干擾往往是局部信息，以事實細節(jié)替代概括大意。