15．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文．作文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
   2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
Recently，if browsing a high school website of Australia，I saw the message you post on it．It get to know that you intend to travel to Xi'an during the summer vacation with a Chinese student as you guide．
Learning this news，I am really willing to travel with you and introducing Xi'an to you．I know as a excellent guide I should make your journey interesting and meaningless．I will keep you company visiting numerous places of interests and enjoying the wonderful scenery．However，I am going to tell you the long but rich history of Xi'an．
Hope you reply me soon．

分析 由于作者瀏覽澳大利亞的一個(gè)高中網(wǎng)站時(shí)，看到了那上面發(fā)布的留言，知道了有人想在暑假期間想找一位中國(guó)學(xué)生做向?qū)斡[西安；所以作者就以一封書(shū)信或是電子郵件的形式表達(dá)了自己愿意當(dāng)這個(gè)導(dǎo)游；還會(huì)使他的旅行既有趣又有意義以及講述了自己的導(dǎo)游計(jì)劃，并期待能盡快得到回復(fù)．

解答 Recently，if browsing a high school website of Australia，I saw the message 
            while/when 或if 去掉
you post on it．It get to know that you intend to travel to Xi'an 
     posted
during the summer vacation with a Chinese student as you guide．
                                                                                your
Learning this news，I am really willing to travel with you and introducing Xi'an to
                                                                                            introduce
 you．I know as a excellent guide I should make your journey interesting 
                        an  
and meaningless．I will keep you company visiting numerous places of interests and 
      meaningful                                                                                   interest
enjoying the wonderful scenery．However，I am going to tell you the long 
                                                  Besides/Additionally   
but rich history of Xi'an．Hope you reply∧me soon．
and                                                       to 

答案：
1．If---while/when 或去掉if    考查連詞或現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)   根據(jù)句意"最近，（當(dāng)）瀏覽澳大利亞的一個(gè)高中網(wǎng)站時(shí)，我看到了你發(fā)布在那上面的留言"可知，"if browsing a high school website of Australia"在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)將if改為while/when 或者去掉if；即直接用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；
2．post---posted    考查時(shí)態(tài)    本句是省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the message；本句的意思是：我看到了你（曾經(jīng)）發(fā)布在那上面的留言；這里表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，所以應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；故用posted
3．you---your    考查人稱代詞     此處用來(lái)修飾名詞guide，故用形容詞性的物主代詞your
4．introducing---introduce   考查時(shí)態(tài)     此處與連詞and之前的am really willing to 一起在句中作主語(yǔ)I的并列謂語(yǔ)，所以二者在時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)保持一致；由于introducing為現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞形式，不能作謂語(yǔ)；故將其改為introduce
 5．a(chǎn)---an   考查冠詞    此處用在"冠詞+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為：一名優(yōu)秀的導(dǎo)游；由于excellent首字母的發(fā)音為元音/e/；故改為an
6．meaningless---meaningful    考查句意理解及詞形轉(zhuǎn)換    根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)表示：作為一名優(yōu)秀的導(dǎo)游應(yīng)該使游客的旅行既有趣又有意義；meaningless"無(wú)意義的，無(wú)價(jià)值的"；故改為meaningful
7．interests---interest    考查名詞     固定短語(yǔ)place of interest意為：名勝古跡；它的復(fù)數(shù)形式只是在place后加s；故填interests
8．However---Besides/Additionally    根據(jù)However前后句的內(nèi)容可知，此處表達(dá)的不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系；意為：并且或除此之外，還…；故改為Besides/Additionally   
9．but---and   考查連詞    這里指的是：西安悠久而豐富的歷史；此處不表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而是并列關(guān)系；故應(yīng)改為and
10．在reply后加 to    考查動(dòng)詞     由于reply為不及物動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)在其賓語(yǔ)me之前加to

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語(yǔ)法知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見(jiàn)句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．

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