Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.

A. what       B which        C. that     D where

 

【答案】

C

【解析】

試題分析：考查同位語從句。本題中的同位語從句that smoking can lead to many diseases解釋名詞evidence的內(nèi)容，that在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒有任何實(shí)際意義，也不能省略。句意：現(xiàn)代科技已經(jīng)給出了很多的吸煙可以導(dǎo)致疾病的證據(jù)。ABD三項(xiàng)都要在句中充當(dāng)句中成分。故C正確。

考點(diǎn)：考查同位語從句

點(diǎn)評(píng)：正確判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)是解題的關(guān)鍵。同位語從句屬于名詞性從句，大多由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)，常常跟在fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief等名詞后面。同位語從句一般用來解釋或說明這些名詞的具體含義或內(nèi)容，在邏輯上表現(xiàn)為同位關(guān)系。同位語從句與that引導(dǎo)的定語從句：（1）從先行詞看，同位語從句與名詞之間在邏輯上是“主語+be+表語”的同位關(guān)系。該名詞是需要作特殊說明的抽象名詞。例如：They were delighted at the news that their team had won. The news was that their team had won. (2)從引導(dǎo)詞來看，引導(dǎo)詞that在同位語從句中是連詞，只起連接作用，無具體詞義，that不可省略；that在定語從句中是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中充當(dāng)一定成分——主語或賓語，有具體詞義，作賓語時(shí)還可以省略。(3)同位語從句的簡(jiǎn)易判斷方法，同位語從句與其先行詞在邏輯上是“主語+be+表語”的同位關(guān)系。所以，可以在名詞和從句之間加系動(dòng)詞be，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則原句為同位語從句；定語從句是不能夠用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。

 

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