The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize. Jet Lag is not a psychological consequence of having to readjust to a different time zone. It is due to changes in the body’s physiological regulatory mechanisms, specifically the hormonal systems, in a different environment.

     Now that we understand what Jet Lag is, we can go some way to overcome it. A great number of the body’s events are scheduled to occur at a certain time of day. Naturally these have to be regulated, and there are two regulatory systems which interact.

    One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs, and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone. The other belongs in our internal clocks (the major one of which may be physically located in a part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus) which, left alone, would tie the body to a 25-hour rhythm. Normally the two timers are in step, and the surroundings tend to regularize the internal clocks to the more convenient 24-hour period.

     If, however, you move the whole body to a time zone which is four hours different, the two clocks will be out of step, like two alarm clocks which are normally set together, but which have been reset a few hours apart. Whereas the two clocks would normally sound their alarms together, now they ring at different times. Similarly, the body can be set for evening while the sun is rising.

     In time the physiological system will reset itself, but it does take time. One easily monitored rhythm is palm sweating. A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will take eight days to readjust his palm sweat. Blood pressure, which is also rhythmical, takes four days to readjust.

What can we do about it? It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone. Fortunately there is a short cut. It relies on two things-the power of the stomach to regulate the timing of other events, and the pharmacological actions of coffee. The basic assumptions are:

Coffee delays the body clock in the morning, and advances it at night. Coffee at mid-afternoon is neutral. Protein in meals stimulates wakefulness, while carbohydrates promote sleep. Putting food into an empty stomach helps synchronize the body clock.

46. What is jet lag associated with?

  A. Psychological change.            B. Physiological change.

  C. Inexperience of rapid travel.       D. Unfamiliar environment.

47. What helps us to adjust to a 24-hour rhythm?

  A. Alarm clock.                   B. Suprachiasmatic nucleus in our brain.

  C. Signals from outside of the body.   D. Our senses and stomachs.

48. What do we know from the fifth paragraph?

  A. A person moving to a different time zone will suffer from high blood pressure.

  B. A person moving to a different time zone will sweat a lot.

  C. Moving to a different time zone will affect both palm sweat and blood pressure.

  D. If the rhythm of blood pressure and palm sweat are not in step, there will be jet lag.

49. What should we do if we want to stay awake?

  A. To take coffee at three o’clock in the afternoon.

  B. To have meals that contain lots of protein.

  C. To have some carbohydrate drinks.

  D. To stop putting food into our stomach.

50. How can we cure jet lag?

   A. To sleep for days.      B. To wait for self-recovery.

   C. To drink tea.           D. To get something to eat.

 

【答案】

 

 B

 C

 C

 B

 D

【解析】             

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年浙江省高三第九次教學(xué)質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Many trees in the Brackham area were brought down in the terrible storms that March. The town itself lost two great lime trees from the former market square. The disappearance of such striking features had changed the appearance of the town center entirely, to the annoyance of its more conservative inhabitants(居民).

Among the annoyed, under more normal circumstances, would have been Chief Inspector Douglas Pelham, head of the local police force. But at the height of that week's storm, when the wind brought down even the mature walnut tree in his garden, Pelham had in fact been in no fit state to notice. A large and healthy man, he had for the first time in his life been seriously ill with an attack of bronchitis.

When he first complained of an aching head and tightness in his chest, his wife, Molly, had tried to persuade him to go to the doctor. Convinced that the police force could not do without him, he had, as usual, ignored her and attempted to carry on working. Predictably, though he wouldn't have listened to anyone who tried to tell him so, this had the effect of fogging his memory and shortening his temper.

It was only when his colleague, Sergeant Lloyd, took the initiative (主動(dòng)) and drove him to the doctor's door that he finally gave in. By that time, he didn't have the strength left to argue with her. In no time at all, she was taking him along to the chemist's to get his medicine and then home to his unsurprised wife who sent him straight to bed.

When Molly told him, on the Thursday morning, that the walnut tree had been brought down during the night, Pelham hadn’t been able to take it in. On Thursday evening, he had asked weakly about damage to the house, groaned (含糊不清地說(shuō)) thankfully when he heard there was none, and pulled the sheets over his head.

It wasn't until Saturday, when the medicine took effect, his temperature dropped and he got up, that he realized with a shock that the loss of the walnut tree had made a permanent difference to the appearance of the living-room. The Pelhams’ large house stood in a sizable garden. It had not come cheap, but even so Pelham had no regrets about buying it. The leafy garden had created an impression of privacy. Now, though, the storm had changed his outlook.

Previously, the view from the living-room had featured the handsome walnut tree. This had not darkened the room because there was also a window on the opposite wall, but it had provided interesting patterns of light and shade that hid the true state of the worn furniture that the family had brought with them from their previous house.

With the tree gone, the room seemed cruelly bright, its worn furnishings exposed in all their shabbiness. And the view from the window didn’t bear looking at. The tall house next door, previously hidden by the tree, was now there, dominating the outlook with its unattractive purple bricks and external pipes. It seemed to have a great many upstairs windows, all of them watching the Pelhams' every movement.

“Doesn’t it look terrible?” Pelham whispered to his wife. But Molly, standing in the doorway, sounded more pleased than dismayed. “That's what I’ve been telling you ever since we came here. We have to buy a new sofa, whatever it costs.”

1.Why were some people in Brackham annoyed after the storm?

A．No market could be held.

B．The police had done little to help.

C．The town looked different.

D．Fallen trees had not been removed.

2.In the third paragraph, what do we learn about Chief Inspector Pelham’s general attitude to his work?

A．He finds it extremely annoying.

B．Не is sure that he plays an important role.

C．Не considers the systems are not clear enough.

D．He does not trust the decisions made by his superiors.

3. What aspect of the Pelhams’ furniture does “shabbiness” in paragraph 8 describe?

A．its condition.       B．its colour.          C．its position.        D．its design.

4.As a result of the storm, the Pelhams’ living-room _____.

A．was pleasantly lighter                    B．felt less private

C．had a better view                       D．was in need of repair

5.Why did Molly sound pleased by her husband’s comment?

A．It proved that he was well again.

B．She agreed about the tree.

C．She thought he meant the sofa.

D．It was what she expected him to say.

 

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What doomed the Titanic is well known, at least in outline. On a moonless night of April 15, 1912, the ship hit an iceberg in the North Atlantic ,with 1,500 lives lost.

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The first says Earth’s nearness to the Moon and the Sun — a proximity not matched in more than 1,000 years — resulted in record tides that help explain why the Titanic met with so much ice, including the fatal iceberg.

Recently, a team of researchers found an apparent explanation in the heavens. They discovered that Earth had come unusually close to the Sun and Moon that winter, enhancing their gravitational pulls on the ocean and producing record tides. The rare orbits took place between December 1911 and February 1912 — about two months before the disaster came about. The researchers suggest that the high tides refloated masses of icebergs traditionally stuck along the coastlines of Labrador and Newfoundland and sent them adrift into the North Atlantic shipping lanes.

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Now, scholars of the Titanic are debating these new theories. Some have different opinions on it. Over all, though, many experts are applauding the fresh perspectives.  (words:353)

1.The underlined word "It" in the title probably refers to _______.

A．the Titanic         B．the record tide     C．the cause of the disaster   D．a(chǎn)n unusual mirage

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① record tides’ forming and icebergs’ being refloated

② icebergs’ being drifted into the North Atlantic shipping lanes

③the Earth’s strange closing to the Sun and the Moon

④increasing of the gravitational force on the ocean

A．①→②→③→④    B．③→④→①→②    C．④→③→②→①    D．②→③→④→①

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A．the freezing weather made the watcher not be able to watch clear

B．the mirage on the sea attracted the watcher and made him forget his work

C．the high tides drove the icebergs float so fast that the watcher didn’t respond to them

D．the mirage made the watcher not find icebergs and a nearby ship delay rescuing

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B．to explain to the readers the ways of the mirage forming

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D．to analyze the conditions of the mirage arising

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Simran is now an active sixth grader and cancer-free. From time to time, she and her mother listen to her song, Always Remembering, and they always remember the “really sweet and nice and loving” lady who gave them a shining moment in the dark hour.

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A．most of her hair had fallen out

B．she was receiving treatment for cancer

C．she felt depressed and quit from school

D．she was suffering from a pain in her back

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B．It is supported by singers and patients.

C．It aims to replace the medical treatment.

D．It offers patients chances to realize their dreams.

3.What does the case of a 12-year-old boy suggest?

A．Most children are naturally fond of music.

B．He was brave enough to put up performance.

C．The project has positive effect on young patients.

D．Singing is the best way to treat some illnesses.

4.What is probably the best title for the passage?

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Television, which made its first serious appearance in 1939, did not become common until the early 1950s．Since then, millions of children have grown up in front of the set, and many people now worry about the effect that TV has on the young, and on society in general．Educators, psychologists, and crime experts wonder if television should be abolished（取消）．Many ordinary parents wish it had never been invented．Why are they so afraid? Is television as harmful as they think it is?

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It is certain that television has deeply changed our lives and our society．It is certain that, along with its benefits, it has brought many serious problems．To these problems we must soon find a solution because, whether we like it or not, television is here to stay.

1.First TV set was made ______.

       A．in 1939               B．in 1950s              C．in 1940s              D．in 1919

2.Which of the following people have a view on TV different from the others?

       A．Educators．                               B．TV producers．

       C．Crime experts．                           D．Psychologists.

3.According to the author, who need TV most?

       A．Educators.                                          B．Crime experts.

       C．The old and the lonely.                         D．The children and their parents.

4.We can conclude that ‘television generations’ are_______.

         A．lonely            B．more patient      C．more violent     D．more gentle

 

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