【題目】閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

There 【1】(be) a trend recently in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（醫(yī)學(xué)界）【2】 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 【3】(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — 【4】 very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 【5】(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 【6】(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat 【7】they need in their diet.

【8】(have) enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 【9】(caution) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 【10】 is not good for the health.

【答案】

【1】has been

【2】as

【3】effects

【4】the

【5】to process

【6】are removed

【7】than

【8】Having

【9】cautious

【10】which

【解析】

本文是說(shuō)明文。本文講述了醫(yī)學(xué)界引領(lǐng)了一種低脂少鹽的食品業(yè)潮流，誰(shuí)知卻帶來(lái)了違背初衷的副作用：超重和心臟病。原來(lái)是因?yàn)橹竞望}是人體消化食物所需的成分，沒(méi)有了它們，人們就會(huì)因此吃更多的東西來(lái)彌補(bǔ)，而且會(huì)吃更多垃圾食品。因此我們需要適當(dāng)攝入脂肪和鹽分，但也不要太多，否則也不利于健康。

【1】考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子中的recently可知，句子應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是a trend，因此填入has been。故填has been。

【2】考查介詞。句意：這一趨勢(shì)最開(kāi)始被醫(yī)學(xué)界作為一種治療心臟病的方法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要填入介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表達(dá)“作為”之意，所以填as。故填as。

【3】考查名詞的數(shù)。effect在句子中是可數(shù)名詞，由空格前的 some 可知，此處應(yīng)使用 effect 的復(fù)數(shù)形式effects。故填 effects。

【4】考查冠詞�！�the very+名詞”用于強(qiáng)調(diào)，表示“正是……”。the very thing指的是前面的“超重和心臟病”。故填the。

【5】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)：be required to do sth，意為“被要求做某事”，此處應(yīng)填to process。故填to process。

【6】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。設(shè)空處所在部分是由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)是fat and salt（復(fù)數(shù)），所給詞remove要充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文可知句子應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而fat and salt與remove存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)填入are removed。故填are removed。

【7】考查介詞。根據(jù)eating more fast food及get more salt and fat可知，句子中使用了比較級(jí)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，此處需要填入than來(lái)表示比較。故填than。

【8】考查動(dòng)名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。故填Having。

【9】考查詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換。此句是一個(gè)祈使句，以系動(dòng)詞be開(kāi)頭，系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，所以caution轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞cautious。故填cautious。

【10】考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：跟其他食物一樣，吃得太多也是有可能的，但這對(duì)健康不利，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該指代前面整句話，所以使用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which。

抓住定語(yǔ)從句“三要素”是學(xué)好定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵。構(gòu)成定語(yǔ)從句的三個(gè)要素是先行詞、引導(dǎo)詞及從句其它內(nèi)容。在具體分析時(shí)，有三個(gè)步驟：一找先行詞，二判斷先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞�，三確定引導(dǎo)詞。小題10中設(shè)空處應(yīng)該指代前面整句話，所以用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

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