12.A land free from destruction,plus wealth,natural resources,and labor supply-all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution,but they were not enough.Something else (33)was needed (need) to start the industrial process.That"something special"was men-creative individuals (34)who/that could invent machines,find new sources of power,and establish business organizations to reshape society.
The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations.Many of them were more inventors than scientists.A pure scientist appreciates (35)conducting  (conduct) his research accurately.He is not necessarily working
(36)so that his findings can be used.An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use.He may strive   (37)to solve   (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trial and error.Regardless of his method,he is working to obtain   (38)a   specific result the construction of a harvesting machine,the burning of a light bulb,or one of many other objectives.
Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors,not(39)trained (train) scientists.A few were both scientists and inventors.Even those who had little or no training in science(40)might/could/would   not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.

分析 本文是一篇議論文.文章提出英國(guó)要想成為工業(yè)革命的中心,除了財(cái)富、自然資源、勞動(dòng)力供應(yīng)等重要因素外,還需要能夠發(fā)明機(jī)器、找到新能源和成立商業(yè)組織的富有創(chuàng)造力的人;然后對(duì)這些有創(chuàng)造力的人(創(chuàng)造機(jī)器的人)進(jìn)行了具體的論述說(shuō)明.

解答 33.was needed    考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài).根據(jù)全文時(shí)態(tài)可知,這里要用一般過(guò)去時(shí);由于這里有用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)且something else作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故填was needed.
34.who/that  考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞.根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知,空后的內(nèi)容是用來(lái)修飾individuals 的,且有自己的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句.將先行詞
 individuals 帶入句子中作主語(yǔ),指人,故用who或that引導(dǎo).
35.conducting  考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法.a(chǎn)ppreciate后面必須跟v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ).故填conducting.
36.so that  考查從屬連詞的選擇.根據(jù)句意可知,He is not necessarily working的目的是讓他的findings can be used,引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句用so that.
37.to solve  考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句意可知,he strives的目的是為了solve a problem,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用不定式表目的,故填 to solve.
38.a(chǎn)  考查冠詞的用法. 根據(jù)后文的the burning of a light bulb,or one of many other objectives可知,這里要表示泛指的specific result,故填不定冠詞a.
39.trained  考查形容詞的用法.修飾名詞要用形容詞形式,表示"受訓(xùn)過(guò)的"要用trained.
40.might/could/would  考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法.若if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)的不是事實(shí),要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.根據(jù)從句中 had not been laid可知是對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè),故主句要用might/could/would+have done.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 1.針對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的用法,一定要掌握哪些動(dòng)詞后只能跟to do,哪些動(dòng)詞只能跟doing,以保證答題的準(zhǔn)確性.
2.要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表目的,只能跟不定式to do.
3.掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣、各個(gè)從句的一些基本用法.

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