Question

【題目】Tea is one of the most popular 【1】(drink) in the world. You make it by pouring hot water over the 【2】(dry) leaves of a tea plant. For centuries people believed that tea could cure illnesses, and they used it as medicine. Today scientists know that tea contains chemicals that prevent cells from 【3】(die). Most teas have caffeine in them, a substance that makes you feel more active. Some people have problems drinking tea because it can cause 【4】(sleep).

The tea plant grows best in tropical and temperate places 【5】 rain falls throughout the year. Tea plants can be grown from sea level 【6】 about 2,000 meters above sea level, but the best quality grows in higher regions.

Tea 【7】(come) from the leaves and buds of tea plants. Wild plants can be up to 9 meters high but on tea plantations they 【8】(cut) back to a bush of about a meter in height so that workers can pull the leaves 【9】(easy). It takes a plant tree to five years before it is ready for picking.

A picker can harvest about 20 kg of tea a day. On large tea plantations the leaves are harvested by machines, 【10】 the quality of tea is higher when the leaves are picked by hand.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】drinks

【2】dried

【3】dying

【4】sleeplessness

【5】where

【6】to

【7】comes

【8】are cut

【9】easily

【10】but

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了茶葉的功效、生長(zhǎng)要求的環(huán)境以及它的制作過程。

【1】考查固定用法。one of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“……中之一”，是固定用法，所以填drinks。

【2】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“葉子”與“弄干”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語(yǔ)，所以填dried。

【3】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。prevent sb./sth from doing sth.意為“阻止（制止、防止）某人（某物）做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，所以填dying。

【4】考查名詞。句意：有些人喝茶有一些問題，因?yàn)樗�能造成失眠。�?/span>cause的賓語(yǔ)，用名詞，而且根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，茶葉有提神的作用，所以是“失眠”，故填sleeplessness。

【5】考查定語(yǔ)從句。____5____ rain falls throughout the year.作定語(yǔ)，修飾tropical and temperate places，所以____5____ rain falls throughout the year.是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以填關(guān)系副詞where。

【6】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：茶樹可以在從海平面到海平面以上2,000米的范圍內(nèi)生長(zhǎng)。from… to從……到……，所以填to。

【7】考查時(shí)態(tài)。表示一個(gè)客觀的事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)Tea是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，填comes。

【8】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“它們”和“切割”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，綜上所述，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以填are cut。

【9】考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞pull，用副詞，所以填easily。

【10】考查連詞。在大的茶葉種植園，茶葉是被機(jī)器收割的，但是手工采摘的茶葉質(zhì)量更高。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以填but。

一. 定語(yǔ)從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)

在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.

二. 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系起來。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語(yǔ)。

1. 作主語(yǔ)：關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。例如：I don’t like people who talk much but do little.

2. 作賓語(yǔ)

She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.

3. 作定語(yǔ)

關(guān)系代詞whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)用。例如：

What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

4. 作狀語(yǔ)

I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

This is the house where I was born.

三. 各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法

1. who 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)均可。例如：

The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

2. whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)。例如：

Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?

3. whose 指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。例如：

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

4. which指物，在定語(yǔ)從中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.

5. that多指物，有時(shí)也指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：

Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

6. when 指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例如：

He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

7. where 指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例如：

This is the house where we lived last year.

四.具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問題：

1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情況：

(1)先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時(shí)。例如：

All that he said is true.

(2)先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時(shí)。例如：

He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.

(3)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如：

He was the second (person) that told me the secret.

(4)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的詞。

This is the best book (that) I have read this year.

(5)先行詞既包括人又包括物時(shí)。例如：

He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

2. 只能用which，不用that的情況：

(1) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從中。例如：

The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.

(2) 定語(yǔ)從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時(shí)。例如：

The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.