Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Sustainable Transport in Cities

Transporthas always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to bloomingmarket towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how arethe cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?

Manylocal governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such asjoined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainablegaining and life-cycle costing, and opening data up to companies and academics.And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions.【1】 This ha resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meetingthat deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for theenvironment.

The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita（人均價）carbonemissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 【2】This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.

【3】Others are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport. Copen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, whichallows people cycling at 20km /h to hit all green lights during rush hour.

Light weighing and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. 【4】 The main options are hydrogen fuelcells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.

A. Many options require city - level investment in new facilities.

B. However, it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back.

C. Through their actions, city governments today are helping to shape the cities of the future.

D. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero - emission capable from 2018.

E. City planners are using transport - oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value.

F. Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transport systems needed to change how citizens travel.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】E

【3】F

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一些城市的可持續(xù)交通的發(fā)展。

【1】空前提到了一些城市可持續(xù)的交通政策，空后又說這導(dǎo)致了五家汽車制造商承諾在最后期限前完工，這既符合他們自己的商業(yè)利益，也有利于環(huán)境，因此此處應(yīng)該會提到一個有利環(huán)境的交通政策，故D項（例如，倫敦要求所有新注冊的出租車從2018年開始做到零排放）符合語境。

【2】空前提到了碳排放量與人口密度的關(guān)系，空后說這涉及到圍繞一個重要的交通中心聚集多用途開發(fā)項目，如吉隆坡的中央?yún)^(qū)域，該區(qū)域圍繞東南亞最大的火車站而建，因此此處是說通過交通來影響人口密度，故E項（城市規(guī)劃者正在利用以交通為導(dǎo)向的發(fā)展來增加密度，同時保持生活質(zhì)量和財產(chǎn)價值）符合語境。

【3】空后說另一些（城市）則利用動機和行為改變來鼓勵人們選擇更高效、更健康的交通方式，因此此處講的應(yīng)該是關(guān)于某些城市改變?nèi)藗兘煌ǚ绞降脑掝}，some…others構(gòu)成搭配，表示“一些……，另一些則……”，故F項（一些城市，如德里，正在大力投資建設(shè)改變市民出行方式所需的公共交通系統(tǒng)）符合語境。

【4】空前說輕量化和新的發(fā)動機和燃料技術(shù)有助于提高現(xiàn)有公路和鐵路車輛的效率，空后又說主要選擇是氫燃料電池、化石燃料混合動力車和電動汽車，最佳解決方案可能因城市而異，因此此處應(yīng)該會提到燃料和技術(shù)，并與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（不確定使用哪種技術(shù)和燃料），故B項（然而，目前還不清楚哪些技術(shù)和燃料將會回到城市）符合語境。

在六選四的解題過程中，一些固定搭配的句式特點往往是重要線索，例如本篇第3題，根據(jù)空后的“Others are using motivations and behavioral change to encourage people to choose more efficient -- and often healthier -- forms of transport.”可知，另一些（城市）則利用動機和行為改變來鼓勵人們選擇更高效、更健康的交通方式，因此此處講的應(yīng)該是關(guān)于某些城市改變?nèi)藗兘煌ǚ绞降脑掝}，而且Others 是重要線索，提示空處會出現(xiàn)some從而構(gòu)成some…others的搭配，表示“一些……，另一些則……”，故F項（一些城市，如德里，正在大力投資建設(shè)改變市民出行方式所需的公共交通系統(tǒng)）符合語境。