Question

【題目】In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.

I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied (依賴) on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.

However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.

【1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.

B. Opinions about competition are different among people.

C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

D. Failures are necessary experiences in competition.

【2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A. It pushes society forward.

B. It builds up a sense of duty.

C. It improves personal abilities.

D. It encourages individual efforts.

【3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A. those who try their best to win

B. those who value competition most highly

C. those who are against competition most strongly

D. those who rely on others most for success

【4】What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others.

B. One's success in competition needs great efforts.

C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.

D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried.

【5】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A. Every effort should be paid back.

B. Competition should be encouraged.

C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.

D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】A

【5】D

【解析】

試題分析：

文章主要講述了競(jìng)賽不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn)，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該在比賽中忘卻失敗的恐懼，真正的意義在于比賽本身的表現(xiàn)。

【1】B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句也是這篇文章的主題句“In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition.”可以看出不同的人，對(duì)于競(jìng)賽的看法迥異，故選B

【2】A 推理判斷題。由第一段第二句“Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity.”可以知道，有些人贊同競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)樗�能推�?dòng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展，故選A。

【3】C 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段前三行可以知道，在一些學(xué)生把成功作為增加自信的觀點(diǎn)的同時(shí)；另外一部分學(xué)生持相反的觀點(diǎn)，他們強(qiáng)烈地反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)前一句，可以推斷“Among the most vocal”是指那些最反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的學(xué)生。

【4】A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第四行“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others。可以得出結(jié)論：這兩種持不同觀點(diǎn)的學(xué)生，其實(shí)有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，那就是都把自己的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)在與別人的比較和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中。

【5】D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句，作者在列舉2種不同的對(duì)待競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度后，表明了自己的態(tài)度：只有當(dāng)這種基本的、害怕失敗的態(tài)度有所緩解時(shí)，我們才能找到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的真正含義。說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，不要總是擔(dān)心失敗。故選D。