2.In many American schools the holiday celebrating Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday is used as an opportunity to teach children about his life and legacy.But in too many of those same schools,Black children's extraordinary talents are still being wasted today.Nearly three-quarters of Black fourth and eighth grade public school students cannot read or compute at grade level.
Black students made up only 18 percent of students in public schools in 2009-2010 but were 40 percent of students who received one or more out-of-school suspensions(暫被停學(xué)).A Black public school student is suspended every four seconds.Black students are more than twice as likely to drop out of school as White students.Each school day 763 Black high school students drop out.So I applaud the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action to address harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the teenager justice and adult prison pipeline.If the education system is to do its part in replacing it with a cradle(搖籃) to college,career and success pipeline,we must end the current practice where children in the greatest need are suspended from school mostly for nonviolent offenses.
These resources,officially known as"guidance",will help schools and districts meet their legal responsibility to protect students from discrimination on the basis of race,color or national origin as required under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.As we recognize the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964and so many other important hard-won victories in the Civil Rights Movement this year,we must remember those victories could be lost without meaningful enforcement of the laws advocates fought so hard to win half a century ago.
While the guidance does not prohibit schools or districts from using any particular nondiscriminatory policy,it does doubt some policies that have historically excluded Black students and are of questionable educational value including"zero tolerance"discipline policies which require compulsory consequences for certain infractions(違反),and policies that prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence.
Information of the new guidance recommendations is available at this government website for almost every school and district in the country.Check your own school district now to see whether the discipline policy is focused on creating a positive school climate and preventing misbehavior,whether consequences are clear,appropriate and consistent,and whether there is a commitment to fairness in the application of discipline.
90.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A
A.Unsatisfactory situation of Black students'education.
B.Life and legacy of Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.
C.The percentage of Black students dropping out of school.
D.The holiday celebrating Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday.
91.The guidance issued by the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice mayD.
A.punish Black children for dropping out of school.
B.prevent Black children from coming back to school after a court sentence.
C.push thousands of Black children out of school each year.
D.protect Black children from being suspended for nonviolent offenses.
92.According to the passage,the"zero tolerance"discipline policiesC.
A.prevent Black children from being absent from school.
B.a(chǎn)re prohibited by the guidance.
C.have questionable consequences.
D.were considered discriminatory when they were released.
93.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?B
A.Criticism of the Education System
B.Steps Forward on School Discipline
C.Suggestions on the Civil Rights Act
D.Victories in the Civil Rights Movement.
分析 全文介紹了美國黑人學(xué)生在學(xué)校遭受到的歧視及相關(guān)部門對此推出的一些舉措.
解答 90-93 ADCB
90.A.推理判斷題.第一段講述了在美國的公立學(xué)校里黑人學(xué)生被停學(xué),很多人輟學(xué),教育程度不高等令人擔(dān)憂的教育現(xiàn)狀,因此選A.
91.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.第二段the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action to address harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the juvenile justice and adult prison pipeline,說學(xué)校的有些政策讓黑人學(xué)生因為非暴力的違法行為而被停學(xué)甚至輟學(xué),反而把他們推向了犯罪的深淵,因此可推知而這一政策是為了應(yīng)對該現(xiàn)象的,因此選D.
92.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第四段中的"have historically excluded black students and are of questionable educational value及"require mandatory(強(qiáng)制的)…prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence"可知,歷史證明零有容忍政策是有問題的,選擇C項.
93.B.標(biāo)題判斷題.全文介紹了美國黑人學(xué)生在學(xué)校遭受到的歧視及相關(guān)部門對此推出的一些舉措,因此選B.
點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點.