16．Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation（創(chuàng)新） that threatens the survival of companies everywhere．It's based on the assumption that old ideas will always work，so they shouldn't be challenged．While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don't change，it's unlikely to hold true in a changing situation．In today's rapid changing global environment，old methods often don't work，and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems．
Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security．If everyone else believes it，then it must be true．Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right，and being right is good．They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work．In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation （DEC），stated"There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home．"Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists．
People seem to forget that since innovation is a change，there can be no innovation without change．Unfortunately，conventional wisdom prevents leaders，followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating．If companies don't innovate，but their competitors do，the future is likely to be problematic．Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries，so it has a powerful effect on business success．
Ted Turner （founder of CNN） knew little，if anything，about the news business，but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour，as was common before CNN．Turner's solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24hours a day．The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day．However，it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don't have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work
．Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information．Due to conventional thinking，the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted．They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future．
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity，flexibility and risk-taking，so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it．To survive，thrive （茁壯成長(zhǎng)） and maintain competitive advantage，companies must be flexible when reacting to change．
32．DEC has disappeared probably becauseC．
A．the consumers didn't like its products
B．the leaders lacked the sense of security
C．the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas
D．the employees took many risks with changes
33．The founding of CNN is used as an example to proveB．
A．missing opportunities could lead to failure
B．changing could contribute to business success
C．watching news at the dinner hour is convenient
D．conventional wisdom influences business success
34．What does the underlined part probably mean？D
A．Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly．
B．Most of the viewers don't like to watch the news at work．
C．It's necessary to understand when people watch the news．
D．It's easy to know people needn't watch the news all the time．
35．The passage is mainly written to tell us thatC．
A．old methods are changing with time
B．opportunities lead to business success
C．conventional wisdom limits innovation
D．successful companies need wise leaders．
分析 本文是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀，主要講了傳統(tǒng)的思維是創(chuàng)新的一大障礙，威脅到公司的生存，并以DEC由于它的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)墨守成規(guī)，不接受新的事物致使其消失為例，闡明了創(chuàng)新的重要性．
解答 32．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段中的They want to continue using old ideas ratherthan take risks with changes that might not work，可知他們想繼續(xù)使用舊的想法，而不是冒險(xiǎn)去改變那些可能不起作用的觀點(diǎn)，所以DEC消失是由于它的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)墨守成規(guī)，不接受新的事物，故選C．
33．B 推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第四段中的The news establishment reflected conventionalwisdom at the time，andpredicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day，可知新聞機(jī)構(gòu)反映了當(dāng)時(shí)的傳統(tǒng)思維，并預(yù)測(cè)他的想法會(huì)失敗，因?yàn)闆]有人想一整天都看新聞，CNN的例子是用來證明改革是可以促進(jìn)一個(gè)企業(yè)的發(fā)展與成功的．故選B．
34．D 推理判斷題．分析句意并結(jié)合常識(shí)，可知道正常的人也不會(huì)每天時(shí)時(shí)刻刻開著收音機(jī)聽新聞，結(jié)合此句的語(yǔ)境，可知很容易知道人們不必一直看新聞．故選D．
35．C 主旨大意題．縱觀全文，根據(jù)文章的首句Conventional wisdom is a major barrier toinnovation that threatens the survival of companies everywhere可知，傳統(tǒng)的思維是創(chuàng)新的一大障礙，威脅到公司的生存，所以這篇文章主要告訴人們常規(guī)常態(tài)的思維妨礙與限制了創(chuàng)新，故選C．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的理解把握和推理判斷能力，做題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
