根據(jù)材料并 結(jié)合所學(xué)知 識回答問題。(15分)
材料 宋太祖趙匡胤本為后周殿前都點(diǎn)檢,960年,奉命御遼。到達(dá)陳橋驛時,發(fā)生兵變,趙匡胤黃袍加身,取代后周建立宋王朝,史稱“陳橋兵變”。
對“陳橋兵變”,宋初眾說紛紜,《太祖實(shí)錄》亦語焉不詳。宋太宗趙匡義命重修《太祖實(shí)錄》,說:“史官之職,固在善惡必書,無所隱晦”,“太祖之事周朝也,盡力王室,中外所知。至于大寶(皇位),非有意也”。太宗特地指出,時值契丹入侵,太祖率兵出擊,一日醉臥帳中,眾將士云集,強(qiáng)擁太祖為皇帝,此乃時勢所趨,并非人力所為。
今人研究認(rèn)為,趙匡胤制造遼(契丹)與北漢聯(lián)兵南下的假情報,宰相范質(zhì)等人不明真相,匆忙派遣趙匡胤率諸軍北上抵御。大軍行至陳橋驛,趙匡胤弟趙匡義等受意發(fā)動兵變,將士們把黃袍加在趙匡胤身上,擁立他為天子。
——摘編自張豈之主編《中國歷史》等
(1)根據(jù)材料,概括說明宋太宗對“陳橋兵變”的解釋與今人研究的結(jié)果有何不同。(6分)
(2)根據(jù)材料并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,簡析宋太宗重修《太祖實(shí)錄》關(guān)于“陳橋兵變”記載的原因。(9分)
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Researchers in China and the United States have developed a new cataract(白內(nèi)障)treatment with cells that has restored vision in babies in a trial and may eventually be used in adults.
The treatment- by doctors and staff members at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen universities in China-was published in March 9 edition of the scientific journal Nature.
A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens(晶體)of an eye. Typical cataract operation involves the removal of the cloudy lens and the insertion of an artificial one. The new operation has been tested in animals and during a small, human trial. It resulted in fewer complications(并發(fā)癥)than the current harmful operation, and in regrown lenses with superior visual function in all 12 of the baby cataract patients who received the procedure.
A congenital cataract- lens clouding that occurs at birth or shortly after- is important cause of blindness in children. In the new research, Kand Zhang, head of ophthalmic genetics at US San Diego’s Shiley Eye Institute, and his colleagues relied on the regrown potential of endogenous(同源的)stem cells.
According to Zhang, endogenous stem cells are different from other stem cells that are typically grown in a laboratory, transplanted into a patient, and can have risks of immune(免疫的)rejection, infection or cancers. Zhang told CBS News, “We invented a new operation to make a very small opening at the side of a cataractous lens bag, remove the cataract inside, allow the opening to heal, and promote potential lens stem cells to regrow an entirely new lens with vision.”
The human trial involved 12 babies under the age of 2 who were treated with the new method, while 25 babies received thee standard operation care.. The latter group experienced a higher incidence of pos- operation danger, early- onset eye high blood pressure and increased lens clouding. The scientists reported fewer complications and faster healing among the 12 babies who has the new procedure.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. The concept of the cataract
B. A new cataract treatment with stem cells
C. Bad effects of post-operation in the cataract
D. The reasons why the cataract comes into being
2.Which of the following best describe the new cataract treatment according to the passage?
A. Convenient B. Comfortable
C. Cheap D. Safe
3.What can we learn about the new cataract treatment?
A. It has more risks
B. It may be used widely
C. It has been put into practice widely
D. It can only restore vision in babies
4.What does the underlined word “congenital” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. Born B. Strange
C. Serious D. Dangerous.
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1.accuse … of___________________
2.be eager to___________________
3.a variety of___________________
4.ahead of___________________
5.speed up___________________
6.集中;全神貫注于___________________
7.榨出;擠出___________________
8.申請___________________
9.區(qū)別對待;有影響;起作用___________________
10.依賴;依靠___________________
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Conflict Resolution(解決)
Conflict is a normal part of any healthy relationship. After all, two people can’t be expected to agree on everything all the time. 1.
Conflicts may be resolved in positive or negative ways. When they’re handled in a positive way, they provide an opportunity to strengthen the bond. 2. The following is a practical five-step process for conflict resolution.
◆Agree that you disagree. Make clear the issue that is causing the disagreement. Answer the question “What is this disagreement about?”
◆Take turns talking and listening. Use talking and listening skills to have a conversation about the problem. 3. Each person should also have an opportunity to listen to the other person’s point of view.
◆Restate what you hear. Reflect what the other person says to figure out his or her thought and feelings.4.
◆Come up with a solution. Think of ideas that may solve the problem. You both should agree on the solution you choose.
◆5. If you are unable or unwilling to reach a solution, contact an unbiased(無偏見的)person who can offer objective and practical suggestions.
A. Get outside help if you need it.
B. State your point of view to others.
C. Ask questions if you don’t understand.
D. But when mismanaged, they can damage a relationship.
E. Each person should have an opportunity to say what he thinks.
F. Learning how to resolve conflicts helps relationships run more smoothly.
G. And when handled in a respectful way, they contribute to the relationship.
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[選修4:中外歷史人物評說](15分)
材料 顏真卿“少勤學(xué)業(yè),有詞藻,尤工書”。唐玄宗時登進(jìn)士甲科,歷官侍御史等職,因?yàn)槿藙傊保桓綑?quán)臣楊國忠,出為平原太守。安史之亂爆發(fā),其以平原一郡獨(dú)撐河北危局良久。后任刑部尚書,“軍國大事,知無不言”,“累進(jìn)封魯郡公”。藩鎮(zhèn)李希烈反,顏真卿前往安撫,面對叛軍“不能屈節(jié),當(dāng)自燒”的威脅,憤然赴火。后被叛軍殺害,終年77歲。朝廷贈司徒,謚“文忠”。顏真卿“立朝正色,剛而有禮,非公言直道,不萌于心。天下不以姓名稱,而獨(dú)曰魯公”。史書稱贊他“富于學(xué),守其正,全其節(jié),是文之杰也”。
唐人重書法,“工書”者甚眾,顏真卿“善正、草書,筆力遒婉”,尤為后人所推崇。歐陽修得其所書殘碑,贊曰:“顏公書如忠臣烈士、道德君子,其端嚴(yán)尊重,人初見而畏之,然愈久而愈可愛也……雖其殘缺不忍棄之!
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(2)根據(jù)材料并結(jié)合所學(xué) 知識,簡析顏真卿書法為后世推崇的原因。(8分)
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My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had _______ and canned so many that they’d begun to feel their skin turn slightly _______. That’s when she decided it was time to share her blessings(福氣). She started calling everyone she knew. When that _______, she began asking everyone in the neighborhood like a _______, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. “Feel free to take _______ you want,” Sharon told her. Later that day, Sharon found that her garden had indeed been _______. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn’t go to _______.
A few days later, Sharon _______ the door. There was the neighbor, holding a hot loaf(條) of some kind of sweet bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly: “I wanted to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to _______ that I took a few other things and hoped you wouldn’t mind.”
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The neighbor looked at Sharon, ________ written all over her face. She gulped(大口吸氣) a few times, and then, smiling, ________ out the bread, part of a batch(批) she had shared all over the neighborhood. “I brought you a nice loaf of ________ bread. I hope you like it.”
1.A. bought B. grown C. eaten D. sold
2.A. red B. yellow C. dark D. pale
3.A. worked B. happened C. stopped D. failed
4.A. housewife B. politician C. friend D. farmer
5.A. whichever B. whatever C. wherever D. whenever
6.A. harvested B. stolen C. damaged D. cleared
7.A. shop B. factory C. waste D. soil
8.A. closed B. repaired C. left D. answered
9.A. expect B. suggest C. require D. admit
10.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
11.A. could B. did C. should D. do
12.A. ever B. never C. always D. seldom
13.A. embarrassed B. pleased C. confused D. satisfied
14.A. apologized B. demanded C. replied D. insisted
15.A. took B. made C. got D. kept
16.A. flowers B. vegetables C. fields D. gardens
17.A. obviously B. actually C. naturally D. separately
18.A. shock B. delight C. excitement D. fright
19.A. gave B. pulled C. pointed D. held
20.A. tomato B. zucchini C. cucumber D. vegetable
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科目:高中英語 來源:河北省2017屆高三下學(xué)期仿真模擬(四)英語試卷 題型:閱讀理解
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believeing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try." What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.
1.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. Competition helps to set up self-respect
B. Opinions about competition are different among people
C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development
D. Failures are necessary experience in competition
2.The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means .
A. those who try their best to win
B. those who value competition most highly
C. those who are against competition most strongly
D. those who rely on others most for success
3.What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?
A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others
B. One's success in competition needs great efforts
C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills
D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried
4.Which point of view may the author agree to?
A. Every effort should be paid back
B. Competition should be encouraged
C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter
D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition
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