1.The shocking collapse of one of the West Coast's biggest wild salmon runs has prompted even cash-trapped fishermen to call for an unprecedented (空前的) shutdown of salmon fishing off the coasts of California and Oregon.
The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial   trollers off California and Oregon.
But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery.That number is projected to fall to a record low of58.000this year.
The council,which regulates Pacific Coast fisheries,will choose between three management options:a total ban on salmon fishing off the coast of California and Oregon;extremely limited fishing in select areas;or catch-and-release fishing for scientific research.
For consumers,it will be hard to find any Chinook,also known as king salmon.which are prized by trollers,seafood critics and upscale restaurants.There should still be abundant supplies of farm-raised salmon.but prices could be higher.
Biologists and others are trying to figure out what caused the salmon collapse so they can make sure California's Chinook populations rebound.
There are many potential factors,because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(產(chǎn)卵)in the areas where they were born. In between they have to navigate the often dangerous waters of the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay.
The council has asked state and federal scientists to research possible causes,including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions.Many scientists point out that unusual weather patterns disrupted the marine food chain along the Pacific Coast in 2005,when thousands of seabirds washed up dead or starving because they couldn't find enough to eat.
Researchers believe those poor ocean conditions also devastated the juvenile salmon that would have returned to the Central Valley last year.Young Chinook couldn't find the tiny shrimp and fish they depend onto survive.

36.The underlined word"troller"in the 2nd paragraph meansA.
A.fisherman    B.merchant    C.seafood dealer  D.organizer
37.Which of the following statements is true about the passage?A
A.Last fall,there was the second lowest number of grown salmon returning on record.
B.The salmon migrates to the ocean when they grow up.
C.The farm-raised salmon is not as delicious and nutrients as the wild salmon.
D.Salmon fishing off the coasts of California and Oregon is strictly forbidden.
38.The underlined sentence"In between they have to navigate the often dangerous waters of the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay."in Para 7indicates thatC.
A.a(chǎn)11the salmon with their young are able to come back to their birthplace.
B.Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay are off the coast of California.
C the salmon has to be strong enough to survive the rapid flowing waters.
D.the salmon has to swim across the Sacramento Delta and San Francisco Bay once in their life.
39.The possible causes of the salmon decrease mentioned do NOT includeC.
A.a(chǎn)bnormal weather patterns broke me marine food chain along the Pacific Coast
B.bad ocean condition prevented the salmon from returning to their birthplace
C.many salmons are eaten in the ocean before they are capable of returning
D.the dam operation may change the salmons'living environment in the river
40.The passage is mainly about--.B
A.the agricultural pollution soils the coast,
B.the declining number of salmon could bring fishing ban
C.the disrupted food chain in the Pacific Coast
D.the fishermen could make little profit of salmon.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了太平洋地區(qū)鮭魚由于河流改道,棲息地的破壞,大壩運行、農(nóng)業(yè)污染、海洋條件等原因數(shù)量急劇減少,委員會規(guī)定了太平洋沿岸漁業(yè),將在三個管理選項之間進行選擇:全面禁止在加利福尼亞和俄勒岡沿海的鮭魚捕撈;在選擇區(qū)域非常有限的捕撈;或捕獲和釋放捕魚的科學(xué)研究.

解答 36.A.詞義推斷題.根據(jù)文章第二段"The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial   trollers off California and Oregon",薩克拉門托河的鮭魚運行通常是在太平洋海岸區(qū)最富有成效的,提供的大量被體育和商業(yè)漁民捕捉的鮭魚控制了加利福尼亞和俄勒岡,可推出該詞是漁民的意思;故選A.
37.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段"But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery",但去年秋天只有約90000adult鮭魚返回中央谷--第二低數(shù)量的紀錄,遠低于需要保持一個健康的漁業(yè)的數(shù)量;故選A.
38.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第七段"because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(產(chǎn)卵)in the areas where they were born",可推測鮭魚必須強大到足以在快速流動的水域生存才能安全產(chǎn)卵;故選C.
39.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第八段"including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions."可知在海洋中吃掉并不是它們數(shù)量減少的原因;故選C.
40.B.主旨大議題.通讀全文,可知文章主要在講太平洋地區(qū)鮭魚數(shù)量急劇減少,委員會規(guī)定了太平洋沿岸漁業(yè)要保護鮭魚;故選B.

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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