分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了太平洋地區(qū)鮭魚由于河流改道,棲息地的破壞,大壩運行、農(nóng)業(yè)污染、海洋條件等原因數(shù)量急劇減少,委員會規(guī)定了太平洋沿岸漁業(yè),將在三個管理選項之間進行選擇:全面禁止在加利福尼亞和俄勒岡沿海的鮭魚捕撈;在選擇區(qū)域非常有限的捕撈;或捕獲和釋放捕魚的科學(xué)研究.
解答 36.A.詞義推斷題.根據(jù)文章第二段"The Sacramento River salmon run is usually one of the most productive on the Pacific Coast,providing the bulk of the salmon caught by sport and commercial trollers off California and Oregon",薩克拉門托河的鮭魚運行通常是在太平洋海岸區(qū)最富有成效的,提供的大量被體育和商業(yè)漁民捕捉的鮭魚控制了加利福尼亞和俄勒岡,可推出該詞是漁民的意思;故選A.
37.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段"But only about 90,000adult salmon returned to the Central Valley last fall--the second lowest number on record and well below the number needed to maintain a healthy fishery",但去年秋天只有約90000adult鮭魚返回中央谷--第二低數(shù)量的紀錄,遠低于需要保持一個健康的漁業(yè)的數(shù)量;故選A.
38.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第七段"because wild salmon are born in streams and rivers,migrate to the ocean when they're juveniles and spend two to four years there before returning to spawn(產(chǎn)卵)in the areas where they were born",可推測鮭魚必須強大到足以在快速流動的水域生存才能安全產(chǎn)卵;故選C.
39.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第八段"including water diversions,habitat destruction,dam operations,agricultural pollution,and ocean conditions."可知在海洋中吃掉并不是它們數(shù)量減少的原因;故選C.
40.B.主旨大議題.通讀全文,可知文章主要在講太平洋地區(qū)鮭魚數(shù)量急劇減少,委員會規(guī)定了太平洋沿岸漁業(yè)要保護鮭魚;故選B.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.
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