Back in the 1860s, a British scientist named Henry Walter Bates noticed something interesting in the animal world: a kind of butterfly, Common Mormon, can change the pattern on its wings so that it looks like another butterfly species, the Common Rose, which is poisonous for birds to eat.
Bates argued that animals develop this ability to protect themselves from being eaten. This theory had been widely accepted by scientists. But one question remains: how do these animals manage to do that?
After more than 150 years, scientists are finally able to answer that question—it is all down to a gene (基因) called “doublesex", according to a study published on March 6 in the journal Nature.
In fact, scientists have long known that genes are responsible for this useful ability. But until the new study, scientists hadn't been able to find out which genes in particular were responsible.
Scientists at the University of Chicago compared the genetic structures of the Common Mormons that changed their wing patterns with those of ones that did not. And all the results pointed to a single gene, “doublesex”.
This was much to the scientists' surprise. They used to expect that something as complex as this would be controlled by many different genes. For example, one gene would control the color of the upper part of the wing, one would do so for the lower part.
However, the “doublesex” gene doesn't quite do everything by itself. Instead, it acts like a switch—it “tells” other genes to change the wing patterns. Isn't that clever?
Scientists believe that this special ability of the “doublesex” gene on Common Mormon was developed throughout the long history of evolution. “The harmless species gains an advantage by resembling something predators (捕食者) avoid,” Sean Carroll, a scientist told Nature. “it was obvious evidence for natural selection. ”
1.How do scientists find the truth of butterfly changing wing patterns?
A. By doing experiment on butterflies.
B. By comparing genetic structures.
C. By observing the butterflies.
D. By analyzing the result.
2.Which of the following ideas is accepted by scientists?
A. The ‘doublesex’ gene does do everything by itself.
B. The ‘doublesex’ gene is poisonous.
C. The ‘doublesex’ gene ‘tells’ other genes to change the wing patterns.
D. The ‘doublesex’ gene could only control the color of the upper part of the wing.
3.What is the best title of this passage?
A. How Common Mormons stay safe
B. How butterflies changed wings' pattern
C. What American scientists discovered
D. What genetic structures of butterflies have
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2016-2017學(xué)年廣東汕頭金山中學(xué)高二12月考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (無(wú)限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.
1.Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?
A. Optimistic.B. Productive.C. Generous.D. Traditional.
2.What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?
A. One of his masterworks.
B. A successful screen adaptation.
C. An artistic creation for the stage.
D. One of the best TV programmes.
3.How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?
A. By popularity.B. By importance.
C. By size and shape.D. By time and subject.
4.What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Artworks.B. ProjectsC. Donations.D. Documents.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2017屆江西南昌二中高三上期第四次考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:語(yǔ)法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Just as I began a new job in New York, I had 1. important job: father. I was a businessman. At the office I had three new projects and at home I had a young son who was growing fast and needed me. I was 2. (puzzle) and didn’t know how to deal with the relationship between job and family until one day, during my business trip in Chicago, I came 3. an old family friend Dan, 4. was once a patient of my father. He told me something about my father. It was my father who 5. (help) him go through the cancer. When Dan knew he got cancer, he was very upset and wanted to give up, but my father, his doctor, encouraged him 6. (go) on fighting against the cancer. My father said to him, “You have 7. wonderful life and three fine children. Take some time with them. It is family that we live for—not just ourselves. Think of that 8. you will know life’s worth the fight.” His words touched me, and I 9. (sudden) realized that family is the most important in the world. I should spend more time 10. (stay) with them.
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短文改錯(cuò)
假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下面劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出改正后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
Hunter likes to go traveling in summer, but he had bad lucky this time. Last week he went to an old temple on a high mountain alone. On the way there it suddenly began to rain heavily, so he ran down the mountain quick. When he got to the foot of the mountain, he found that the wooden bridge was under of the water. He had to spend the rain night in a broken house. He was so cold that he could hardly fall sleep.
The next morning the rain stopped and the bridge was damaged. He thought the river was not deep, so he tried to swim. In the center of the river, the water nearly washed he away. Luckily, he was saved by two man, but he lost his bag. Then they gave him some foods and dry clothes.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2017屆安徽“皖南八校”高三第二次聯(lián)考(12月)英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:書面表達(dá)
假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華,為了讓外國(guó)人了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,學(xué)生會(huì)將進(jìn)行“唐詩(shī)吟誦大賽”(Tang Poetry Recitation Contest),特邀請(qǐng)學(xué)校國(guó)際部學(xué)生參加,請(qǐng)你根據(jù)提示寫一則通知。
主要內(nèi)容包括:
1.大賽目的和意義;
2.主辦方:校學(xué)生會(huì)。時(shí)間:201 6年12月30日。地點(diǎn):校報(bào)告廳(assembly hall);
3.范圍:唐詩(shī)三百首(Three Hundred Tang Poems)。
注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文流暢。
Notice
Do you want to have a further knowledge of Chinese culture?
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2016-2017學(xué)年黑龍江大慶鐵人中學(xué)高一上期末考試英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:短文改錯(cuò)
短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處,多者 (從第11處起) 不計(jì)分。
Li Hua and Wang Hai are students of Senior One. They all work hard but have different learning methods. Li Hua listens to her teachers attentive and tries to catch everything the teachers say. She spends more time doing her homework. It is certain what she can go to bed earlier and always keeps energetic in the day.
However, Wang Hai had a different way of learning. He likes to stay up late at the night, so he often feels sleepy in class. As the result, he misses lots of key point and it usually takes him more time to finish his homework, that makes it difficult for him to concentrate what he is doing. I prefer Li Hua's learning method.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2016-2017學(xué)年黑龍江大慶鐵人中學(xué)高一上期末考試英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Our flat was on the fifth floor but you could still hear the roar of the ocean and see the stars at night. I used to take long walks along the water. The food in town was delicious and the people were very friendly. The area was very quiet and peaceful, and fairly deserted.
The last evening of our vacation, however, we all heard strange footsteps following closely behind us as we were walking up to our flat in the holiday centre. We turned around and noticed a fairly young man moving very rapidly across the beach and getting closer to us. He was tall and wore a baseball cap. We couldn’t see his face and he was approaching us very rapidly. The man’s actions made my dad very nervous. Dad warned us that we’d better try to make it to our flat as quickly as possible. I didn’t like my dad’s voice; I could hear fear in it. It was late and we were all alone. We didn’t have any cell phones on us. I never saw Dad as worried as he was then and I knew that something was terribly wrong. The sense of fear started to overwhelm Mom and me. We had had such a good time in town. Now, the night was rapidly turning into a dangerous situation.
We could hear the man’s footsteps getting closer. Dad’s face was almost pale. The so-called intruder (侵入者) had moved nearer and nearer when all of a sudden, the nearby vending(自動(dòng)販賣) machine started going crazy and spitting out cans of soda! The noise actually scared the intruder and he ran out of sight. My parents were shaking, but we all turned around to see who had put money into the vending machine downstairs, and actually saved us, but no one was around at all. Not a soul.
It’s one vacation I will never forget.
1.Where did the writer spend her vacation?
A. Near a river.B. In a city.
C. In a mountain.D. At the seaside.
2.What does the underlined word “overwhelm” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. move.B. impress.C. control.D. excite.
3.What helped them get rid of the trouble?
A. Their quick action.
B. Other people’s kind help.
C. The noise from the vending machine.
D. The young man’s warning.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2016-2017學(xué)年廣東肇慶高二上期末考試英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Alexander von Humboldt was born in 1769 in Berlin, Germany. As a young boy, he wanted to learn about the world. Humboldt followed his dream. In 1799, he traveled with a friend to Central and South America.
On their trip, Humboldt and his friend saw and did many things. They sailed down the Amazon River. They watched dolphins play in the ocean. They explored the rain forest and climbed mountains and volcanoes. They were able to make the first maps of the northern part of South America.
Humboldt set a world record for mountain climbing. He also made a discovery. During his climb, Humboldt became very sick. He found out that the higher he climbed, the less oxygen there was in the air. This made it more difficult to breathe. Later, this became known as mountain sickness.
Science was another part of Humboldt’s interests. He wanted to write about all of the new things he saw. He described the new plants, animals, and rocks which had never been seen by scientists before.
Humboldt also studied the way of life of the local people. He learned how the native people along the Amazon River used plants in their daily lives. For example, they used a strong poison from a vine(蔓生植物) to make poisoned arrows. The natives used these arrows for hunting their food.
The Amazon Indians also used a native plant to treat malaria (瘧疾), a serious illness. The plant grew wild, but after it was dug up, it was never replanted. Humboldt warned the natives that the plant was in danger of dying out. He looked for ways to preserve the plant and to make it grow strong.
Although Humboldt took many risks during his trip, he lived to be 90 years old. In his lifetime, he made many discoveries and shared them with the world. As a tribute (頌揚(yáng)) to Humboldt, there are rivers and mountains named after him.
1.We can infer that Humboldt was probably a (n) ________.
A. explorerB. inventorC. doctorD. writer
2.Humboldt and his friend made maps of ________.
A. the central part of South America
B. the northern part of South America
C. the north part of Central America
D. the southern part of Central America
3.What do we know about mountain sickness?
A. It can be treated with a plant.
B. It is a serious illness like malaria.
C. It mainly influences one’s breathing.
D. It was discovered by Humboldt’s friend.
4.We can tell from the text that Humboldt was ________.
A. easy-goingB. imaginativeC. optimisticD. ambitious
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來源:2017屆廣東肇慶高三第二次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷(解析版) 題型:語(yǔ)法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I’ve dreamed of becoming a writer since I was a teenager. But 1.____ isn’t easy to get a book of mine published. 2.___ I’ve tried hard, none of my books have been published. This is really 3._____ (upset).
This morning, I received a call from a publisher and 4.___ (tell) once again that there was no way my book would be published. 5.____ (feel) sad, I left home and went to the park near my apartment. At the park, I sat down on the bench near the grass.
While I was sitting there, I saw a little boy about one and a half years old. He was running on the grass, 6.____ his mother not far behind him. He looked so happy when he enjoyed the 7.____ (free) of running on the grass. He then fell on the grass, but he quickly got up and continued 8.___ (run) as fast as he could again even without looking back at his mother. He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing 9.____ (happen).
Seeing that, I was truly inspired. I 10.___ (sudden) realized that I shouldn’t get discouraged after experiencing failure. Instead, I should cheer up and keep on trying.
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