Question

Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.
The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat.Between the ages of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men ,” said Samantha.“This is part of the ageing process.”
What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender （性別）difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women,”said Samantha.They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80, who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease.“The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart,” said Samantha.
But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.
【小題1】The underlined word “l(fā)ongevity” in the second paragraph means “________”.

A．health

B．long life

C．a(chǎn)geing

D．effect

【小題2】The text mainly talks about ________.

A．men’s heart cells	B．women’s ageing process
C．the gender difference	D．hearts and long life

【小題3】According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.

A．men have fewer cells than women when they are born

B．women can produce the cells that make the heart beat

C．the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age

D．women will never suffer the loss of pumping power with age

【小題4】If you want to live a long life, you should ________.

A．enable your heart to beat much faster

B．think about the reason for ageing

C．take regular exercise to keep your heart healthy

D．stop your cells from being lost

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】C
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：本文分析了女性比男性長壽的原因，是因?yàn)榕�性的心臟受年齡的變化較小，因此能夠讓女性活得更久。
【小題1】B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句Why do men live a shorter life than women?和第二段第一句The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.可知本文研究的是女性為什么比男性更長壽，故該詞是指B項(xiàng)。
【小題2】D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.可知本文講述的是女性比男性長壽也許是因?yàn)榕�性的心臟隨著年齡的變化受損較少。故D正確。
【小題3】C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第五段1,2行What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one’s.可知女性的心臟隨著年齡的變化影響較小，故C正確。
【小題4】C 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.可知要想保持健康，我們要加強(qiáng)鍛煉。故C項(xiàng)正確。
考點(diǎn)：考查健康類短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評：本文分析了女性比男性長壽的原因，是因?yàn)榕�性的心臟受年齡的變化較小，因此能夠讓女性活得更久。要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分－推論的前提，從中推測出未知部分－推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。