Question

【題目】 Not long ago, no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person. Even now, although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease, how they do so is not always obvious. 【1】 They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites. The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens （病菌）from entering the body.

The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits. Wash your hands well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks. 【2】 Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather（泡沫）up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. 【3】

Whether you are young or young at heart, getting vaccinated（接種疫苗）is an essential part of staying healthy. 【4】 such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. Vaccinations are essential if you are to avoid getting sick. In general, children should receive the recommended childhood vaccinations. Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date. When traveling abroad, check with your health care provider about additional immunizations（免疫）.

【5】 Stay clear of wild animals. Many wild animals, including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus to humans by biting. Keep your pets away from wild animals, too. Dogs, cats or any other type of warm-blooded animal can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.

A.Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly.

B.Use animal control to prevent infections.

C.While vaccines may cause some common side effects,

D.Although vaccines can not prevent some rare diseases,

E.Other wild animals can not transmit the virus and other infections.

F.We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body.

G.You should also wash up after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】F

【2】G

【3】A

【4】C

【5】B

【解析】

本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了傳染病傳染的原因及防治方法。

【1】

結(jié)合后文The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens （病菌）from entering the body.防止感染的最好方法是阻止病原體進入人體。F. We do know that most microbes enter through openings in the body. 我們知道大多數(shù)微生物確實是通過身體的入口進入的。解釋后文防止感染最好的方法是阻止病原體進入人體，因為大多數(shù)病原體通過身體入口進入，導(dǎo)致人體感染。故選F項。

【2】

結(jié)合前文Wash your hands well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks. 你可能在上完廁所后，準(zhǔn)備食物或吃食物之前，以及在做園藝或其他臟活之后洗手。G. You should also wash up after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing. 你還應(yīng)該在擦鼻涕、咳嗽或打噴嚏后洗手。與前文需要洗手的情境為并列關(guān)系。故選G項。

【3】

結(jié)合前文Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather（泡沫）up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. 把你的手徹底弄濕。用肥皂或清潔劑打起泡沫，然后擦到手掌、手背和手腕上。一定要清潔你的指尖，指甲下面和手指之間。用自來水沖洗。前文為洗手的步驟，洗手的最后需要擦手。A. Dry your hands and wrists thoroughly. 徹底擦干你的手和手腕。符合此處語境。故選A項。

【4】

結(jié)合后文Such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. 如手臂暫時酸痛或低燒，一般是安全的，在發(fā)揮作用�？芍�，疫苗會引起手臂酸痛或低燒等癥狀。C. While vaccines may cause some common side effects, 雖然疫苗可能會引起一些常見的副作用。符合此處語境。故選C項。

【5】

結(jié)合后文Many wild animals, including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus to humans by biting. 許多野生動物，包括蝙蝠、狐貍和郊狼，可以通過咬人將病毒傳播給人類�？芍獎游飼�傳播疾病，防止感染需要管控動物。B. Use animal control to prevent infections. 使用管控動物的方法來防止感染。故選B項。