【題目】假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

It doesn’t matter to fail as long as you don’t give up. To my opinion, it is hard to be successful. Challenges were a necessary part of your life as you grow up. And you won’t necessary succeed in everything for the first time you try. That’s okay. Some of the most successful people in the world are the one who’ve had the most failures. J. K. Rowling, wrote Harry Potter, had her first Harry Potter book reject 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was removed his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and miss thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that’s because I succeed.”

【答案】

【解析】試題分析：本文主要是通過(guò)列舉一些例子告訴我們失敗不可怕，只要我們永不放棄玖一定會(huì)成功的。

【1】To –In考查固定搭配。In my opinion在我看來(lái)。在我看來(lái)，成功是很難的。故To –In

【2】were –are考查be動(dòng)詞。全文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以be動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式。當(dāng)你長(zhǎng)大的過(guò)程中，挑戰(zhàn)是你生活中必不可少的一部分。故were –are

【3】necessary – necessarily考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞succeed用副詞。當(dāng)你第一次嘗試的時(shí)候，你沒(méi)有必要一切都要成功。故necessary – necessarily

【4】for去掉，考查連詞。此處the first time 表“第一次”，與“第二次、第三次......”對(duì)立,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)從屬連詞，用于過(guò)去式或現(xiàn)在時(shí)。當(dāng)你第一次嘗試的時(shí)候，你沒(méi)有必要一切都要成功。故for去掉

【5】one – ones考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。前面Some of the most successful people是復(fù)數(shù)，故此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)ones，世界上有一些最成功的人就是曾經(jīng)最失敗的人。故one – ones

【6】wrote Harry Potter前加who考查引導(dǎo)詞。此處是who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。寫哈利·波特的J.K.羅琳，，故wrote Harry Potter前加who

【7】was去掉，考查動(dòng)詞。此處是一個(gè)完整的句子，前面已經(jīng)有had做謂語(yǔ)了，故was去掉。她第一本哈利·波特的書被拒絕了12次才最終出版。故was去掉

【8】removed 后加from考查介詞。removed from開除，除名。邁克爾喬丹被他的高中籃球隊(duì)除名了。故removed 后加from

【9】miss-missed考查動(dòng)詞。并列句前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，前半句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，后半句也應(yīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。他在職業(yè)生涯中輸了幾百場(chǎng)比賽，錯(cuò)過(guò)了上千次的射門。故miss-missed

【10】because –why考查引導(dǎo)詞。此處是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果的表語(yǔ)從句，故引導(dǎo)詞用why，because用于強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。故because –why

【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】

在短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾類：

1. 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò)，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。比如第5句，前面Some of the most successful people是復(fù)數(shù)，故此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)ones，世界上有一些最成功的人就是曾經(jīng)最失敗的人。故one – ones

2. 動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)，中間雜有不適的另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動(dòng)詞后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，或是不及物動(dòng)詞后加了賓語(yǔ)；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如倒數(shù)第2句，He lost hundreds of games and miss thousands of shots during his career.考查動(dòng)詞。并列句前后時(shí)態(tài)一致，前半句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，后半句也應(yīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。他在職業(yè)生涯中輸了幾百場(chǎng)比賽，錯(cuò)過(guò)了上千次的射門。故miss-missed

3. 形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；關(guān)系副詞where， when， why等的缺失或錯(cuò)用。比如第3句And you won't necessary succeed in everything for the first time you try.考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞succeed用副詞。當(dāng)你第一次嘗試的時(shí)候，你沒(méi)有必要一切都要成功。故necessary – necessarily

4. 介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯(cuò)用。比如倒數(shù)第3句Michael Jordan was removed his high school basketball team.考查介詞。removed from開除，除名。邁克爾喬丹被他的高中籃球隊(duì)除名了。故removed 后加from

5. 主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對(duì)主語(yǔ)的影響。

6. 冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如節(jié)日，季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動(dòng)，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。

7. 數(shù)詞：主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯(cuò)用。

8. 連詞：不合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。

9. 代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反；應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯(cuò)用或缺失。

10. 常用固定短語(yǔ)或固定用法及句型用錯(cuò)。比如第2句，To my opinion, it is hard to be successful. 考查固定搭配。In my opinion在我看來(lái)。在我看來(lái)，成功是很難的。故To –In

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A.5
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A.f-c-e-a-b-d
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C.f-d-e-c-b-a
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