任務(wù)型閱讀(10’):每空填一詞。

Nowadays people use different ways to communicate with each other. And does one always tell the truth when he or she talks with the other on the phone? Or does one sometimes tell a lie when writing an e-mail or giving an instant message? Recent research has found that communication technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study, made by Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in e-mails. The fact that e-mails are automatically recorded--- and can come back to trouble you---appears to be the key to the finding.

Jeff Hancock made an investigation by asking 30 students to keep a communication diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or e-mail exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 percent of e-mails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls.

His results, to be presented at the conference on human computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because the unreal condition makes people uncomfortable, the detachment(非直接接觸) of e-mailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because people are more practiced at that form of communication.

But Hancock says it is also very important and effective whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know that they will be responsible for what they have said in the conversation, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in e-mail than on the phone.

People are also more likely to lie in real time---in an instant message or phone call, say---than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are sudden or immediate responses to demands that they don’t expect, such as: “Do you like my dress?”

Hancock hopes his research will help business companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for selling their products where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is regarded as more important than others, might be best done using e-mails.

Jeff Hancock’s study on lying in different ways of communications

The ___71___ from the statistics of the investigation

Lies become ___72___ when the communicating ways change from ___73___ to instant messages to face-to-face interactions to phone call.

The ___74___ why people lie / don’t lie

People won’t lie when their conversations will be recorded and can be reread, or when they know they should be ___75___ for what have said.

People lie in real time mostly because they have to answer ___76___questions without hesitation.

The ___77___ that business companies can learn from the study

Using telephones for ___78___ because their employees can stretch the truth.

Using e-mails for work assessment because their employees must tell what they’ve done ___79___.

The inference(推斷) from the study

Suitable media should be chosen for different ___80___ purposes.

 

【答案】

71. finding / conclusion   72. more   73. e-mails   74. reasons   75. responsible

76. unexpected / sudden / immediate   77. lessons   78. sale / selling   79. honestly  

80. communication / communicating

【解析】略

 

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People today are becoming increasingly aware that a proper diet is the foundation of good health. If we don’t have a regular diet of proper food, we don’t have the fuel to perform at our best. However, some people think not eating breakfast doesn’t matter a lot, though eating it is important. Get the truth behind this common misconception and other meal frequency and timing meals.

Will eating breakfast every day help me lose weight?

Yes, eating the morning meal can actually help you shed pounds. People who have breakfast are less likely to eat diet-busting(破壞的) junk food and are more likely to exercise later in the day, as studies show. People who skip breakfast, on the other hand, usually make up the calories — and then some — before day's end. Researchers found that 78 percent of the men and women included in the National Weight Control Registry — who have maintained an average weight loss of 66 pounds for more than 5 years — eat breakfast every day.

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Title: Stop Obsessing Over Your Meals

Common misconception

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   2 

Breakfast

People having breakfast can actually help weigh  3 People not eating breakfast make up the calories now and then in the

  4    

Grazing

Old studies   5  grazing is better than eating three square meals but later not.

Dinner

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Eating less food one meal per day may keep you neat, but may lead to blood pressure   7  .

Bedtime snacks

Bedtime snacks won’t make you fat.

Overeating may cause you to gain more calories than you burn through8  activity.

A habit of snacking in front of TV can’t gain weight more than overeating at a meal.

         9    

No one plan is   10   for everyone

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(2)       sides

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Negative sides

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Use (8)        

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