18．In old times，man considered lightning to be one of the greatest mysteries of nature．In fact，a single flash of lightning 1.6 km long has enough electricity to light one million lamps．
The American scientist，Benjamin Franklin，was the first to suggest that lightning is in fact electricity formed between the Earth and clouds high above．It happened in 1752．In the same year，he also built the first lightning rod to protect buildings from being struck by lightnin g．
Modern science has discovered that lightning is very long and powerful．A lightning between a cloud and the Earth may be as long as 13 km，and travels at a speed of 30 million meters per second．Scientists have the opinion that there are about 2 billion flashes of lightning per year．In the United States alone，it kills almost one person per day．
The safest place to be in during an electrical storm is a closed car．Outside，one should go close to low ground for cover and not stop under a tree．Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences．Inside a house，people should keep away from open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things．
29．In the USA，D．
A．every person can see lightning every day
B．a(chǎn)t least one person is killed by lightning every day
C．there are about 6 million flashes of lightning per year
D．a(chǎn)bout one person per day dies from lightning
30．During a lightning storm，it would be best if youC．
A．stand under a tree                  
B．go outside
C．stay in a closed car                
D．stop near windows
31． A lightning rod canA．
A．prevent accidents caused by lightning      
B．stop lightning
C．protect building from being washed away   
D．delay the coming of lightning．

分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀，文章介紹了些古代的人認(rèn)為雷聲和閃電是諸神的武器．美國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)明了避雷針，這種裝置能夠保護(hù)建筑物不被閃電損壞，因此，所有的建筑都需要避雷針．

解答 DCA
29．D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題．根據(jù)第三段In the United States alone，it kills almost one person per day．在美國(guó)，每年都會(huì)有個(gè)人被雷擊而死．故選D．
30．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段The safest place to be in during an electrical storm is a closed car．可知遇到暴風(fēng)雨時(shí)，最安全的地方是關(guān)閉的車?yán)铮蔬xC．
31．A理解判斷題．根據(jù)第二段In the same year，he also built the first lightning rod to protect buildings from being struck by lightning．他發(fā)明了避雷針，這種裝置能夠保護(hù)建筑物不被閃電損壞．由此說明，避雷針可以避免閃電發(fā)生的事故．故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息或是其變體．做這類題一般采用尋讀法即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，找出答案．

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