8.The largest earthquake (magnitude 里氏 9.5)of the 20th century happened on May 22,1960off the coast of South Central Chile.
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis(海嘯).Near the generating area,both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive,particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isia Chiloe.The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isia Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中).Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25meters arrived within 10to 15minutes after the earthquake,killing at least two hundred people,sinking all the boats,and flooding half a kilometer inland.
There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion,Chile's top industrial city.Near the city of Valdivia,the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18people.At me port city of Valparaiso,a city of 200,000,many buildings collapsed.A total of 130,000houses were destroyed-one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000people were left homeless.
Total damage losses,including to agriculture and to industry,were estimated to be over a half billion dollars.The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region Estimates of deaths reached between 490to 5,7002with no distinction(差別) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami.However,it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.

68.Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?B
A.Concepcion     B.Isia Chiloe       C.Valdivia      D.Valparaiso
69.What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?C
A.The tsunami waves as high as 25meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B.The tsunami waves killed 200people and sank all boats.
C.The tsunami waves were very destructive.
D.The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
70.What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chiloe?B
A.landslides            B.the tsunami
C.a(chǎn)ftershocks           D.the magnitude 9.5earthquake
71.What does the underlined word"collapsed"probably mean?A
A.was destroyed                     B.caught fire
C.was flooded                       D.sank.

分析 本文寫了上世紀六十年在智利康塞普西翁發(fā)生的一次里氏9.5級的大地震,以及這次地震造成的海嘯給相關(guān)地區(qū)帶來的一系列災(zāi)害.

解答 68.答案是B.細節(jié)理解題,從文章第二段第三行"the largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe---the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中)."海嘯的最大危害發(fā)生在Islam Chiloe--離震中最近的沿海地區(qū),可以看出答案選B.
69.答案是C.細節(jié)理解題,考察文章第二段的最后幾句.A選項不是arrived immediately而是10-15分鐘以后到來.B選項為至少200人,D選項不是half of the inland而是half a kilometer,故以上3個選項均有誤.所以答案選C.
70.答案是B,細節(jié)理解題,最后一段的最后一句"However,it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami."然而,人們相信大部分的死亡是有海嘯引起的,所以B選項符合題意,所以答案選B.
71.答案是A,細節(jié)理解題,由本段的下一句A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed,總共130,000房子被破壞了,可以推測出many buildings collapsed很多的建筑被毀了,所以答案選A.

點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點.

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