20.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文.文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改.
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞.
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉.
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞.
注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分.
A survey basing on 1,000students found that half of the pupils and 80% of the middle school students sleeps less than nine hours every night.Too many homework given by school teachers and parents is the main reasons.Another reason lies in students'bad habits.Some students,for example,are absent-minded while doing his homework,and some waste their after-class time.The third reason is because some students have to get up early on weekdays to get school far away from home.Experts are calling at schools and parents to cut down on the amount of homework but students should make a good use of their time.It would be better if they could choose to study in a nearby school.

分析 文章介紹了最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查.很多中小學(xué)生都存在睡眠不足的問(wèn)題.一方面是因?yàn)檎n業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)重,另一方面是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生不良的作息習(xí)慣.專(zhuān)家建議,要減輕學(xué)生的作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān),學(xué)生也要充分利用時(shí)間.

解答 A survey basing on 1,000 students found that half of the pupils and 80% of the middle school students sleeps less than nine hours every night.Too many homework given by school teachers and parents is the main reasons.Another reason lies in students'bad habits.Some students,for example,are absent-minded while doing his homework,and some waste their after-class time.The third reason is because some students have to get up early on weekdays to get∧school far away from home.Experts are calling at schools and parents to cut down on the amount of homework but students should make a good use of their time.It would be better if they could choose to study in a nearby school.
詳解:
1.basing改為based;分詞錯(cuò)誤.句中base作survey的后置定語(yǔ),base與survey之間構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,要用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ).
2.sleeps改為sleep;主謂一致錯(cuò)誤.本句的主語(yǔ)是pupils和students,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù).
3.many改為much;形容詞錯(cuò)誤.句中homework是不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)該用much修飾.
4.reasons改為reason;名詞錯(cuò)誤.句意表達(dá)的是主要原因,是單數(shù).
5.his改為their;代詞錯(cuò)誤.此處的代詞指代前面的名詞students,要用表示復(fù)數(shù)概念的their來(lái)指代.
6.because改為that;連詞錯(cuò)誤.句中is后接表語(yǔ)從句,句意表達(dá)的是事實(shí),要用that來(lái)連接;英語(yǔ)中不能用the reason is because結(jié)構(gòu).
7.加to;短語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤.句中g(shù)et to意為"到達(dá)".
8.a(chǎn)t改為on;短語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤.call on是固定詞組,意為"號(hào)召".
9.but改為and;連詞錯(cuò)誤.句意表達(dá)的并列,不是轉(zhuǎn)折.
10.去掉a.短語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤.句中make good use of是固定詞組,意為"充分利用".

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)題考查的是語(yǔ)境理解能力和用法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí).?嫉闹R(shí)點(diǎn)有:名詞(單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤),動(dòng)詞(時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),搭配,轉(zhuǎn)換),代詞(指代錯(cuò)誤),形容詞和副詞(轉(zhuǎn)換,比較等級(jí)),連詞(and,but,or)等.偶爾也會(huì)考查邏輯錯(cuò)誤,如本來(lái)用her,卻用了his等等.解題是要注意:以句子為單位,以動(dòng)詞為中心.看句子要看完整,避免句子前后矛盾的錯(cuò)誤;找錯(cuò)誤要以動(dòng)詞為主,動(dòng)詞或與動(dòng)詞有關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤占了改錯(cuò)的題的重要一部分.

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