【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Traditional earthen buildings

Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings ( 住宅) in the 【1】 (mountain) area in east China's Fujian Province. The buildings 【2】 (appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and took 【3】 (they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou. The buildings were 【4】 (original) for Hakka families to live together and defend 【5】the invaders. They evolved from local mountain camps, most of 【6】 took a circular structure. Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since it was put on the List, and the number of tourists 【7】 (rise)dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth generation owner of Zhencheng Building 【8】 (build) in 1912. Lin went back home and inherited the building, turning it into a homestay hotel. In peak time, there are 200 people from 27 families 【9】 (live) in it. He runs 【10】business with his family and takes good care of the visitors. Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin's life more colorful in the village.

【答案】

【1】mountainous

【2】appeared

【3】their

【4】originally

【5】against

【6】which

【7】has risen

【8】built

【9】living

【10】the

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在2008年被收錄到世界文化遺產(chǎn)的福建土樓。文章還介紹了福建土樓的歷史、以往的功能等。同時，還通過例子介紹了福建土樓現(xiàn)今作為民宿發(fā)展的這一經(jīng)濟作用。

【1】考查形容詞。句意：2008年被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)的土樓建筑，是中國東部福建省山區(qū)獨一無二的農(nóng)村住宅。分析句子可知，area為名詞，意為“區(qū)域；地區(qū)”，因此需形容詞在前作定語對其進(jìn)行修飾。故填mountainous。

【2】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這些建筑出現(xiàn)在宋元時期，定形在明清時期。分析句子可知，宋元時期為過去的時間點，發(fā)生在過去時間點的事情用一般過去時即可。故填appeared。

【3】考查物主代詞。句意：這些建筑出現(xiàn)在宋元時期，定形在明清時期。分析句子可知，下文current shapes為名詞短語，此處應(yīng)天形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。

【4】考查副詞。句意：這些建筑最初是為了客家人的共同居住和抵御侵略者而建造的。分析句子可知，修飾動詞live together和defend against時應(yīng)使用副詞形式，故填originally。

【5】考查固定搭配。句意：這些建筑最初是為了客家人的共同居住和抵御侵略者而建造的。分析句子可知，此處為固定詞組defend against，意為“保衛(wèi)；抵抗；抵御；防御”。故填against。

【6】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：它們時從當(dāng)?shù)氐纳絽^(qū)營地演變而來的，其中大多數(shù)都采取了圓形結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子可知，此句為非限制性定語從句，且是of+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。先行詞camps為物，從句中缺少主語成分，因此需使用which在從句中作主語。故填which。

【7】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：大部分土樓在被列入名錄以后發(fā)展起來，游客數(shù)量急劇上升。分析句子可知，since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，主句一般使用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句使用一般過去時，表示從“開始”被列入名錄以來，土樓的發(fā)展和游客數(shù)量的上升在持續(xù)。且句中and需連接時態(tài)、語態(tài)一直的詞語，前句中使用了現(xiàn)在完成時，空處也應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時。the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時，其謂語要用三單形式，故填has risen。

【8】考查非謂語。句意：林健文是1912年建成的鎮(zhèn)城土樓的第六代業(yè)主。分析句子可知，Zhencheng Building和build之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故填built。

【9】考查非謂語。句意：在高峰時期，一共有來自27個家庭的200口人住在這里。分析句子可知，本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，因此需使用live作非謂語動詞。live與邏輯主語people and families之間是主謂關(guān)系，故填living。

【10】考查定冠詞。句意：他和他的家人一起做生意，并且把客人們都照顧的很好。后文中的business指代的是前文中出現(xiàn)的a homestay hotel民宿生意，前文中出現(xiàn)過的內(nèi)容，后文再次出現(xiàn)時應(yīng)使用定冠詞the。故填the。

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，是定語從句中一種介詞前置的定語從句句型，介詞與關(guān)系代詞之間存在一種介賓關(guān)系，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）。但有些動詞短語搭配不能拆分，介詞只能放在動詞后，如：look for，look after，pay attention to等等。

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