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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 題型:閱讀理解
Passage Eight(The Development of Cities)
Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant form city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years – lots that could have housed five to six million people.
Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.
1.With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?
A.Types of mass transportation.
B.Instability of urban life.
C.How supply and demand determine land use.
D.The effect of mass transportation on urban expansion.
2.Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?
A.To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.
B.To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.
C.To show mass transportation changed many cities.
D.To contrast their rate of growth.
3.According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?
A.It was expensive.
B.It happened too slowly.
C.It was unplanned.
D.It created a demand for public transportation.
4.The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city,
A.that is large.
B.that is used as a model for land development.
C.where the development of land exceeded population growth.
D.with an excellent mass transportation system.
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:江蘇省宿遷市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試試題(英語(yǔ)) 題型:閱讀理解
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第三部分:閱讀理解
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng).
In the debates about how a particular piece of land is to be used, the priorities often conflict. What should you do, for example, if you find out that under the fertile fields of a farming community there is a thick bed of coal which can be strip mined(露天礦) ? Strip mining tears up top soil and plants. But mining may create jobs, bring money to the towns businesses. Those who approve of strip mining say that the coal is needed, and they point out that it is quicker and cheaper to get coal from the surface than to go deep into the earth to get it by standard mining techniques. On the other hand, it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of top soil. As the countryside fills up, people are becoming more aware of the need for open space. Nearly every proposal for a new power plant, highway, or airport draws fierce opposition. Everyone wants the big, land-eating “uglies” to be in someone else’s backyard. Minneapolis and St.Paul, Minnesota, for example, have been debating about the site of a future airport for years. Yet if a new airport is needed, it will have to go somewhere.
How do we find our way out of the land-used problem? One way might be to reexamine our values, to think in new directions. Does everyone have to have a car with its need for highways and parking lots? What about developing mass transport systems that use less land? Do suburbs have to spread? Can they be designed so they use less space? Do we have to have more energy? If we do, do we really have to strip-mine coal to provide it?
However difficult they may be to arrive at, choices will have to be made if we want to preserve the beauty and usefulness of the land. For there is at least one point on which all of us can agree: The land does have its limits.
1. The word “priorities” in the sentence means ____.
? A. the various needs B. the most important goal
? C. the number one necessity D. the first thing to be considered
2. “…, people are becoming more aware of the need for open space. ” tells us that ____.
? A. people are thinking to develop their living space into the sky
? B. people noticed the need for unoccupied land
? C. people are struggling to get more land from the space ?
D. people are becoming more active on the space issue
3. How do we find our way out of the land use problems?
?A. One way might be to reexamine our values, to think in new directions.
B. Everyone has to have a car with its need for highways and parking lots.
?C. We have to have more energy. We need strip-mine coal to provide it.
D. We may develop mass transit systems which use less land.
4. “Everyone wants the big, land-eating ‘uglies’ to be in someone else s backyard.” shows that .
? A. people don t want more big projects
? B. people don t want to live in the neighborhood of the big projects
? C. people regard the large construction projects are “uglies ”
? D. people don t like the undesirable building projects
5. The main idea of this article is ____.
? A. The Limits of Land B. Land
C. Land and Our Life Styles D. Land and Space
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:2014屆江西紅色六校高三上期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)卷(解析版) 題型:單項(xiàng)填空
Transit, a car made in Jiangxi province, was sold nearly 50,000 units in 2012, with the total value_____ it was in 2008.
A.more than three times what
B.three more times than that
C.over three times than what
D.over three times of that
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:吉林省吉林市2010屆高三下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(英語(yǔ)) 題型:閱讀理解
Beijing plans to build huge free or low-cost parking lots beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads to encourage more car owners to take buses or subways to the downtown area.
The plan is just one of the many measures the city plans to take to reduce its traffic jams.Low or no parking fees would be used as economic leverage(杠桿作用) to reduce growing parking demands from urban areas.
Car owners living in the suburbs will be encouraged to park their cars beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads and take buses or subways to the downtown area.Statistics show that nearly one quarter of the city’s traffic flow is concentrated in the 62-square-kilometer downtown area within the Second Ring Road, which makes up only 12 percent of the city’s total area.
The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau receives between 400 and 500 calls reporting traffic jams every day and more than 90 percent of the roads are filled to capacity during rush hours every morning and evening.Part of the problem is the lack of easy links between bus routes, subways and cars.
According to the communication commission, half of the city’s investment in transportation will go towards public transit(公共交通) construction in the next few years, making a jump from the current only 20 per cent.Moreover, Beijing plans to change its layout (布局) by building new city centers, such as at Yizhuang, Tongzhou, Shunyi and Changping, in a bid to reduce the traffic flow to the downtown.
The current layout of Beijing-expanded ring roads around the same center of the Forbidden City, is seen as the root cause of the endless traffic jams.The downtown area is crowded with three business centers and one financial center, as well as nearly 400 government organs and institutions.
Traffic experts say building more urban centers around Beijing may reduce the number of residents living in the suburbs and traveling long distances to work downtown every day, thus reducing traffic flow.
40.In the coming years, if a man beyond the Fourth Ring Road goes to work in the downtown of Beijing, he is encouraged to _________.
A.take buses or subways B.take a taxi
C.drive the car quickly D.park his car in a place which asks for no fees
41.According to this passage, when more and more people drive to work in rush hour in Beijing, it is likely to _______.
A.save time B.cause traffic jams
C.cause traffic accidents D.reduce air pollution
42.The aim in building new city centers is to ________.
A.make it convenient for people to go shopping
B.develop its local resources
C.reduce the traffic flow to the downtown
D.solve the problem of more laid-off workers
43.The passage suggests the author ______.
A.is tired of driving to work
B.finds it costs less to take subways than to drive
C.is for the plan to reduce Beijing’s traffic congestion(擁擠)
D.has benefited a lot by driving to the downtown every day
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