科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Have you winterized your horse yet? Even though global warming may have made our climate more mild, many animals are still hibernating(冬眠)．It’s too bad that humans can’t hibernate．In fact, as a species, we almost did．
Apparently, at times in the past, peasants in France liked a semi-state of human hibernation．So writes Graham Robb, a British scholar who has studied the sleeping habits of the French peasants．As soon as the weather turned cold people all over France shut themselves away and practiced the forgotten art of doing nothing at all for months on end．
In line with this, Jeff Warren, a producer at CBC Radio’s The Current, tells us that the way we sleep has changed fundamentally since the invention of artificial(人造的) lighting and the electric bulb．
When historians began studying texts of the Middle Ages, they noticed something referred to as “first sleep”, which was not clarified, though．Now scientists are telling us our ancestors most likely slept in separate periods．The business of eight hours’ uninterrupted sleep is a modern invention．
In the past, without the artificial light of the city to bathe in, humans went to sleep when it became dark and then woke themselves around midnight．The late night period was known as ”The Watch” It was when people actually kept watch against wild animals, although many of them simply moved around or visited family and neighbours ．
According to some sleep researchers, a short period of insomnia(失眠) at midnight is not a disorder ．It is normal．Humans can experience another state of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning．This period can be an extraordinarily creative time for some people．The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas．
Playing with your sleep rhythms can be adventurous, as anxiety may set in．Medical science doesn’t help much in this case．It offers us medicines for a full night’s continuous sleep, which sounds natural; however, according to Warren’s theory, it is really the opposite of what we need．
The example of the French peasants shows the fact that________．
A．people might become lazy as a result of too much sleep
B．there were signs of hibernation in human sleeping habits
C．people tended to sleep more peacefully in cold weather
D．winter was a season for people to sleep for months on end
The late night was called “The Watch” because it was a time for people_______．
A．to set traps to catch animals B．to wake up their family and neighbours
C．to remind others of the time D．to guard against possible dangers
What does the author advise people to do?
A．Sleep in the way animals do． B．Consult a doctor if they can’t sleep．
C．Follow their natural sleep rhythm．D．Keep to the eight-hour sleep pattern．
What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give a prescription for insomnia．
B．To urge people to sleep less．
C．To analyze the sleep pattern of modern people．
D．To throw new light on human sleep．
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆浙江省高考模擬沖刺（提優(yōu)）測試二英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
They can be seen more frequently than ever before on college campuses, wearing thick-rimmed glasses while listening to indie(獨立的) music. One might find them playing unusual musical instruments, shopping at second-hand stores or expressing themselves in other unique ways. They call themselves hipsters. Being “hip” used to mean following the latest fashion. But gradually the word has evolved into a synonym for “cool”.
Hipsters value independent thinking, progressive politics, an appreciation of creativity and intelligence. Hipsters take pains and pride in not being mainstream. However, their culture has become quite trendy. This irony is central to their culture and offers an interesting paradox.
“I do take things in the mainstream with a grain of salt,” says Ben Polson, a college student at Brown University in the US. Polson describes himself as a hipster and says he often questions what determines popularity, especially regarding music.When lesser-known bands become popular they often lose their former fan base in exchange for a new one. There is a famous hipster saying that goes: I used to like that band before it got popular.
According to Polson, bands’ music changes when they go mainstream. They become “l(fā)ess experimental, doing things just to save popularity and fans. The original elements that we were drawn to slowly dwindle for the sake of popularity.”
Many young adults have started to view hipsters’ outlook as cool and are adopting their counterculture mindset (心態(tài))themselves. This has led to specialized brands, stores and music for the hipster position. Ironically, some such stores, including clothing labels Urban Outfitters and American Apparel, have gained mainstream popularity. This has seemingly diluted(沖淡) the anti-mainstream culture.
“A lot of people that are self-defined hipsters aren’t really hipsters, they’re just trying to conform to the non-conformist(不墨守成規(guī)者) to seem cooler,” says Amanda Leopold, a college student from Oberlin College, US. Although Leopold has many unconventional tastes and seems quite individualist, she refuses to classify herself as a hipster.
There is a conflict among hipsters about the very definition of the label. To some, to be a hipster is to be free from cultural constraints. To others, it means wearing a certain style and listening to a specific style of music. The former constantly strives for uniqueness, while the latter strives not to be mainstream.
And yet, the movement is gaining mainstream popularity. “It’s kind of the trend these days; everyone wants to be hip so no one’s hip,” says Leopold. “There have been hipsters since the seventies. It’s only become popular recently.”
Hipsters reject materialism and laugh at mainstream culture. But are they really beyond material comforts? Do they have any ideas of their own if they despise mainstream so much?
Christy Wampole, an associate professor of literature at Princeton University, US, is not so sure. She says the hipster is a contradiction in himself and an easy target of mockery(嘲弄). Writing in The New York Times, Wampole paints a less appreciative picture of a typical hipster.
“The hipster is a scholar of social forms, a student of cool. He studies continuously, searching for what has yet to be found by the mainstream. He is a walking citation(例證); his clothes refer to much more than themselves. He tries to negotiate the age-old problem of individuality, not with concepts, but with material things.”
【小題1】From the passage we can know that hipsters are ____________________________.
| A．a(chǎn) group of people who are self-denied |
| B．a(chǎn) group of students who are good at musical instruments |
| C．people who follow the latest trends and fashions |
| D．people who pay no attention to material things |
| A．enlarge | B．delete | C．disappear | D．decrease |
| A．she doesn’t like her own unconventional tastes |
| B．there are too many specialized brands, stores and music for the hipster position |
| C．she thinks that a lot of people that are self-defined hipsters aren’t really hipsters |
| D．the hipsters’ culture has become quite trendy |
| A．happy | B．disappointed | C．excited | D．content |
| A．the difficult situation of hipsters | B．the trend of fashion |
| C．the changes of the society | D．the culture of hipsters |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆湖北孝感高級中學高一下學期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Four strange scholarships that actually exist
The scholarship for the tall
If you find yourself having to lower your head to enter doorways then you might get this unusual scholarship. If you are a boy 6'2" or taller, or a girl 5'10" or taller, then you can be in the running for the Tall Clubs International Scholarship. All you have to do is write a simple message titled “What being tall means to me,” and you could get $1,000.
The scholarship for the fat
This unusual scholarship is made available to New England high school seniors who are single, overweight, and have maintain(保持) at least a 2.5 GPA. Every year two people are awarded the $500 prize. It’s kind of like saying being fat and unpopular is not that bad after all.
The scholarship for the short
If you aren’t tall enough for the tall scholarship, maybe you are short enough for the short one. The Billy Party Foundation offers this unusual scholarship to students who are short. One needs to be shorter then 4'10" and have a medical certificate as proof of dwarfism.
The scholarship for golf caddies(球童)
Did you know that you could get a free ride to college for being a golf caddie? Okay, it’s a little harder than that, but each year the Evans Scholars Foundation covers tuition(學費) and housing for hundreds of student caddies from all over the country. Most Evans scholars go to one of the fourteen universities where the Evans Scholar Foundation owns and operates a scholarship house.
1.The person running for the Tall Clubs International Scholarship _____.
A．should pay $1,000 at first
B．should write a long passage
C．should be tall enough
D．could get $10,000
2.How many conditions should a student have for the scholarship for the fat?
A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two.
3.The underlined word “dwarfism” in the text refers to the condition of being ____.
A．short B．tall and fat C．clever D．thin and tall
4.Students caddies who win the scholarship for golf caddies can _____.
A．get $1,000 for housing and tuition
B．get $500 for housing and tuition
C．only go to fourteen universities
D．be free from housing and schooling costs
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學年福建省高三第一次月考英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Have you winterized your horse yet? Even though global warming may have made our climate more mild, many animals are still hibernating(冬眠)．It’s too bad that humans can’t hibernate．In fact, as a species, we almost did．
Apparently, at times in the past, peasants in France liked a semi-state of human hibernation．So writes Graham Robb, a British scholar who has studied the sleeping habits of the French peasants．As soon as the weather turned cold people all over France shut themselves away and practiced the forgotten art of doing nothing at all for months on end．
In line with this, Jeff Warren, a producer at CBC Radio’s The Current, tells us that the way we sleep has changed fundamentally since the invention of artificial(人造的) lighting and the electric bulb．
When historians began studying texts of the Middle Ages, they noticed something referred to as “first sleep”, which was not clarified, though．Now scientists are telling us our ancestors most likely slept in separate periods．The business of eight hours’ uninterrupted sleep is a modern invention．
In the past, without the artificial light of the city to bathe in, humans went to sleep when it became dark and then woke themselves around midnight．The late night period was known as ”The Watch” It was when people actually kept watch against wild animals, although many of them simply moved around or visited family and neighbours ．
According to some sleep researchers, a short period of insomnia(失眠) at midnight is not a disorder ．It is normal．Humans can experience another state of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning．This period can be an extraordinarily creative time for some people．The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas．
Playing with your sleep rhythms can be adventurous, as anxiety may set in．Medical science doesn’t help much in this case．It offers us medicines for a full night’s continuous sleep, which sounds natural; however, according to Warren’s theory, it is really the opposite of what we need．
1.The example of the French peasants shows the fact that________．
A．people might become lazy as a result of too much sleep
B．there were signs of hibernation in human sleeping habits
C．people tended to sleep more peacefully in cold weather
D．winter was a season for people to sleep for months on end
2.The late night was called “The Watch” because it was a time for people_______．
A．to set traps to catch animals B．to wake up their family and neighbours
C．to remind others of the time D．to guard against possible dangers
3.What does the author advise people to do?
A．Sleep in the way animals do． B．Consult a doctor if they can’t sleep．
C．Follow their natural sleep rhythm．D．Keep to the eight-hour sleep pattern．
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give a prescription for insomnia．
B．To urge people to sleep less．
C．To analyze the sleep pattern of modern people．
D．To throw new light on human sleep．
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年遼寧省高三上學期10月月考英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
In the office of the German Chancellor Angela Merkel, there is a picture of Catherine the Great, the legendary Russian Empress. When asked why she has the picture, Merkel says, “She was a strong woman”. Many say the same of Merkel.
The most powerful woman in the world, according to US Forbes magazine, was in China last week. She came to discuss trade and environmental issues with China’s top leaders. Germany’s first woman leader is known as a brave and practical statesman(政治家). Even since her time at school, she had the habit of getting everything in order. Every day before doing her homework she would clean the desk and think about what to do next. “I prefer a long time for full preparations to make my decision. But once I decide, I will stand up for what I believe,” Merkel said.
Perhaps it was good habits that helped her do well in her studies. At 32, she got a doctorate (博士學位) in physics and then she worked as a researcher.
However, the life of a scholar couldn’t put off her love of politics. While working in labs, Merkel took time off to read political books and at last joined a political party. “Her calmness helped her stand out in the party. She could always find a way out while others felt hopeless,” said one of her old friends.
In her first big political job as Minister for the Environment in 1994, her scientific background proved very useful. In 2005 she became Germany’s youngest chancellor since the second World War.
Now half way through her four-year term, the 53-year-old woman has made a name for herself both in Germany and abroad. At the EU summit in 2005 when France quarreled with Britain over the EU budget(預算), some people believed the EU was close to breaking down. But Merkel didn’t give up. She shuttled(穿梭) between the heads of the two powers and had them reached an agreement.
“Strength comes from composure(鎮(zhèn)定) and courage. Many people say I am a strong woman. But I would rather say I have perseverance,” said Merkel.
1. Why does Merkel put a picture of Catherine the Great on the wall of her office?
A. Because Catherine the Great is beautiful.
B. Because Merkel wants to be a strong woman too.
C. Because Merkel likes the drawing skill of it.
D. Because it is very expensive.
2.What is the correct order of the following events?
a. became the German Chancellor
b. got a doctorate in physics and then she worked as a researcher
c. join a political party
d. visit China
e. take part in the EU summit
f. as Minister for the Environment
A. bcafde B. cbfdae C. bcfaed D. cbfaed
3.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Merkel usually is hurry to make a decision when facing difficulties.
B. At the EU summit in 2005, the relationship between French and Britain was in tension.
C. Merkel is a well-known leader all over the world.
D. She is outstanding because of her calmness.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. An excellent lecturer B. Germany’s iron lady
C. The change of a scholar D. The youngest chancellor
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