科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
WILD WEATHERMAN
Name: Sam Champion
Hot job: TV Weatherman
Where: ABC-TV, New York City
When you were a child, did you plan to forecast wind, rain, and snow on TV?
I wanted to be a foreign journalist. I took courses in weather science at Eastern Kentucky University, but I majored in broadcasting news.
How did you finally become a weatherman?
My first job in the early 1980s was at the local TV station in Paducah, Kentucky. I did everything from turning on the lights in the morning to writing and delivering morning news. I put together weather forecasts, and became interested in them.
Back then, how did you forecast weather?
Independent companies collected computer information that showed, for example, how a single weather system might split into snow or snow mixed with rain. The information was often opposite and the job of a weatherman was to study the information and make the best educated guess about the storm.
Has weather forecasting changed much with new technology?
Advanced computers, satellites, and Doppler radar (sound waves used to track storms) have made forecasting more exact. But we still know very little about how weather is shaped. So far, we just have theories.
Any advice for children who'd like to become weather scientists?
To me, weather is the most exciting field in the world. There are still so many more questions about weather than answers. After all, if we can't foresee floods or hurricanes, how safe a society are we? Weather forecasting is wide open for scientists who love to solve puzzling problems. The next generation of meteorologists (weather scientists) will unlock many of Earth's weather secrets. So get a general knowledge of Earth science, and study meteorology in college.
Thanks, Sam.
Judging from the writing style, the text is _________.
A.a diary B.an interview
C.a news story D.an announcement
As a child, ABC-TV's Sam Champion wanted to be a____________.
A. space scientist B.weatherman
C. news reporter D.meteorologist
Present weather forecasting technology___________.
A.has made weather report more exact than ever
B.is still not perfect
C.hasn't changed much in the last 50 years
D.both A and B
The study of weather science is called____________.
A.meteorology B.forecasting C.geography D.Earth science
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科目:高中英語 來源:2011屆上海市十校第二次聯(lián)考高三下學期英語卷 題型:閱讀理解
The definition of the standard kilogram is almost entirely wrong. Getting that definition right is a challenge that has tried the patience and intelligence of scientists for decades.
Scientists use just seven basic units to define all the other quantities we use — quantities such as speed or electric power. All of those basic units except the kilogram are themselves defined according to natural properties(屬性)that are beyond human control.
For example, the standard second (time) is defined as a specific number of vibration(振動)of a type of radiation sent out by atoms of a special metal. The standard metre (length), in turn, is defined as the length of the path light travels under certain conditions.
Not so the kilogram. This orphan of the basic unit family is simply the mass of a small platinum-iridium alloy cylinder(鉑—銥合金筒)locked away in a container maintained by the International Bureau of Weights & Measures in Sevres, France, near Paris. Official bodies around the world have copies of the cylinder.
Embarrassingly, the last time the copies were brought to Sevres for a checkup in the 1980s, officials found that some copies had gained about 20 parts per billion in weight compared to the master cylinder since the previous checkup in the 1940s. This implies that the master cylinder itself may be an inconstant standard.
Several efforts in several different countries are under way to redefine the kilogram according to basic physical quantities such as counting the actual number of atoms of a specific substance in a kilogram or the electromagnetic(電磁的)force that balances a kilogram mass against gravity. A project of the latter type at the laboratories in Gaithersburg, Md., hopes eventually to define mass by means of electrical units.
So far, none of these redefinition projects has borne fruit. They require the very accuracy of measurement and control of experimental conditions. The slightest influence — even a tiny change in weather — can ruin results. You’ve got to hand it to scientists who are willing to devote many years to such painstaking — but extremely important — research.
【小題1】 Compared with other basic units, the kilogram is ____.
A.as accurate as other basic units |
B.not universally accepted in the world |
C.not defined according to natural properties |
D.defined in the same way as other basic units |
A.the causes of weight changes had been found |
B.such kind of checks had been carried out regularly |
C.the changes in weight challenged the definition of the kilogram |
D.the consequences of such changes were great in research |
A.is the only way to redefine the kilogram scientifically |
B.has been accepted as the only possible redefinition project |
C.is not as complicated as people understand |
D.has been considered by some scientists as a better approach |
A.Scientists will achieve success in redefining the kilogram in the near future |
B.Some scientists are trying to redefine the kilogram according to basic physical quantities. |
C.The redefining of the standard kilogram is quite complicated and can be affected by a number of factors. |
D.A number of experiments are being carried out to redefine the kilogram. |
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科目:高中英語 來源:浙江金華一中2010屆高三下學期考前模擬考試英語試卷 題型:閱讀理解
WILD WEATHERMAN
Name: Sam Champion
Hot job: TV Weatherman
Where: WABC-TV, New York City
When you were a child, did you plan to forecast wind, rain, and snow on TV?
I wanted to be a foreign journalist.I took courses in weather science at Eastern Kentucky University, but I majored in broadcasting news.
How did you finally become a weatherman?
My first job in the early 80’s was at the local TV station in Paducah, Kentucky.I did everything from turning on the lights in the morning to writing and delivering morning news.I put together weather forecasts, and became interested in them.
Back then, how did you forecast weather?
Independent companies collected computer information that showed, for example, how a single weather system might split into snow or snow mixed with rain.The information was often opposite and the job of a weatherman was to study the information and make the best educated guess about the storm.
Has weather forecasting changed much with new technology?
Advanced computers, satellites, and Doppler radar (sound waves used to track storms) have made forecasting more exact.But we still know very little about how weather is shaped.So far, we just have theories.
Any advice for children who’d like to become weather scientists?
To me, weather is the most exciting field in the world.There are still so many more questions about weather than answers.After all, if we can’t foresee floods or hurricanes, how safe a society are we? Weather forecasting is wide open for scientists who love to solve puzzling problems.The next generation of meteorologists (weather scientists) will unlock many of Earth’s weather secrets.So get a general knowledge of Earth science, and study meteorology (weather science) in college.
Thanks, Sam.
1.Judging from the writing style, the text is ________.
A.a diary B.an interview C.a news story D.an announcement
2.As a child, ABC-TV’s Sam Champion wanted to be a ________.
A.space scientist B.weatherman C.news reporter D.meteorologist
3.Present weather forecasting technology ________.
A.has made weather report more exact than ever
B.is still not perfect
C.hasn’t changed much in the last 50 years
D.both A and B
4.The study of weather science is called ________.
A. meteorology B. forecasting C .geography D. earth science
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科目:高中英語 來源:2012屆廣東省高三下學期第一次月考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon, great, little. What do these words mean?Such verbal expression is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question.
We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance, a subject is told “There are many trees in the park” and is asked to say what number the word many mean to him. Or a child is invited to take “some” sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give “some” sweets to another child.
First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 percent chance; “is likely to”, about a 60 percent chance; “probably will” about 55 percent.
Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. Thus, if we tell a subject to take “a few” or “ a lot of” glass balls from a box, he will take more if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number. But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total.
Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.
1. What’s the right attitude towards the words like probably, many, soon?
A. They are inaccurate and we should avoid them.
B. They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.
C. They should be criticized because there are too many of them.
D. Their value is not yet clear since we don’t know their meaning.
2. Why do we do experiments with the words “many” and “some”?
A. To prove people are insensitive to these words.
B. To prove the words dominate our everyday speech.
C. To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.
D. To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.
3. Which of the expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?
A. Possible B. Probable C. Be likely to D. Be certain to
4. Which of the following will least definitely influence the number of items a kid takes out of a box when he is invited to take “some”?
A. Whether the quantity of items is large or small.
B. Whether the items are candies or toys.
C. Whether the kid is a toddler or a youngster.
D. Whether the kid is alone or accompanied by other children.
5. What will tell us about the intelligence of a child?
A. The consistency of picking up a certain glass ball.
B. How many glass balls he will take when he’s asked to.
C. The difference between a lot and a few when he takes glass balls.
D. Whether there are marked changes in his first pick and second one.
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科目:高中英語 來源:2010屆廣東省高三上學期期中考試 題型:閱讀理解
Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language,Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon,great,little.What do these words mean?
Such verbal imprecision is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value Just because it allows uw to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question.
We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people meari by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance,a subject is told "There are many trees in the park" and is asked to say what number the word may mean to him. Or a child is invited to take "some" sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give
“some" sweets to another child.
First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression is certain to( rain,or be elected)signifies to the average person about a 70 percent chance; is likely to, about a 60 percent chance; probably will, about 55 percent.
Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression.Thus, if we tell a subject to take "a few" or“a lot of" glass balls from a box, he will take me if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number, But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total.
Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls, he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.
51. What's the right attitude towards the words like probably, any and soon ?
A. They are inaccurate and we should avoid them.
B. They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.
C. They should be criticized because there are too many of them.
D. Their value is not yet clear since we don't know their meaning.
52. Why do we do experiments with the words many and some?
A. To prove that people are insensitive to these words.
B. To prove that the words dominate our everyday speech.
C. To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.
D. To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.
53. Which of the following expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?
A. Possible. B. Probable. C. Be likely to. D. Be certain to.
54. Which of the following is similar to the underlined word signifies in its meaning?
A. makes B. means C. predicts D. indicates
55. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Uncertainty in the Language Use.
B. How to Use Language in an Uncertain Way
C.Uncertain Words and their Use in Specific Contexts
D. Experiments on Relationship between Uncertainty and Language Use
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