Hoffman，40，a former senior vice president of a financial company，had what she describes as “one of those extreme jobs.” “I loved working,” she says. But her career path reached a crossroad when her second child was born，and she left her job in February 2007. Hoffman is one of many people who have left the work force to take a break，but she has a position as a consultant．She has described this type of career detour(繞路) ----- which is more common for women than for men—as “off- ramping．” Typically it occurs when the balancing act of parenting and work becomes too tough．

A study by the center found that more than 90 percent of women who off-ramp want to on-ramp back into the work force eventually．But making the transition back to work is rarely easy，and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.

Considering some of the obstacles faced by on- rampers , a three-day program called “Greater Returns：Restarting Your Career” was held at Columbia University. The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.

　According to one school of thought, women looking to make a comeback might even have an advantage in the current economy，especially if they are looking for part-time or consultant positions that do not offer benefits. And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition．

　“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home．“I now feel confident talking to an employer and saying，‘ Yes，I have been out of the work force，but here is where I can make significant contributions.’”

1.What is the best title for the passage?

A．Off ramp：it is common　　　　　　　　

B．On ramp：it is easy

C．Off ramp or on ramp：it depends on confidence

D．Off ramp to on ramp：it can be a hard Journey

2.According to the passage，Greater Returns___________．

A．is intended to relieve the pressure of the jobless women

B．has all the jobless women restart their career

C．will build up the confidence of those in search of jobs

D．is to last a11 the year around for the jobless women

3.The main reason for the women’s off-ramping is that_________．

A．they have to suffer the sexual discrimination

B．they have to parent their children

C．they reach a crossroad of career

D．they have great work pressure

4.From what Ms．Hoffman says in the last paragraph，we can conclude________ .

A．she didn’t get advice from the Greater Returns program

B．she was defensive about her off-ramping

C．she didn’t get the job because she lied about her experience

D．she is off ramp partly due to her straightforward manner

5.Which job is easier to get for a woman off-ramper?

A．Regular workers.                        B．Casual workers.

C．Company managers.                     D．Bank clerks.

 

【答案】

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：本題主要講述的是那些因?yàn)橐疹櫤⒆佣艞壒ぷ鞯呐砸胫匦鹿ぷ魉媾R的困難。并介紹了一個(gè)能夠幫助她們找回自信的program“the Greater Returns”。

1.D 主旨大意題。本題主要講述的是那些因?yàn)橐疹櫤⒆佣艞壒ぷ鞯呐砸胫匦鹿ぷ魉媾R的困難，第二段最后兩行making the transition back to work is rarely easy，and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.說(shuō)明這樣的做法現(xiàn)在是更加困難，故D項(xiàng)符合。

2.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段最后一句The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.說(shuō)明這個(gè)計(jì)劃可以讓參加的人非常有信心，故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Typically it occurs when the balancing act of parenting and work becomes too tough．說(shuō)明這些女性放棄工作的原因是他們要照顧孩子，故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.D 推理題。根據(jù)最后一段前3行“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home．說(shuō)明她以前非常defensive,他的做事方式很直接。通過(guò)the Greater Returns她才取得突破。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.B 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后2行And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition．說(shuō)明適合他們的是那些競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不是很激烈的工作,故B項(xiàng)正確。

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文針對(duì)的是那些因?yàn)橐疹櫤⒆臃艞壒ぷ鳎髞?lái)又希望重新回到工作崗位的女性。本文對(duì)考生的推理能力要求較高，測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

 

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C．they reach a crossroad of career
D．they have great work pressure
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C．she didn’t get the job because she lied about her experience
D．she is off ramp partly due to her straightforward manner
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Generally speaking, babies on the lower end of the normal weight range are considered healthier and less prone to developing diabetes and obesity than heavier ones, so this was an encouraging result. Even more reassuring was that regular exercise did not seem to affect the flow of nutrients to the growing babies in the womb.

1. According to the new study, a pregnant woman’s regular exercise may _______.

  A. bring benefits to a baby’s growth

  B. lower the risk of insulin resistance

  C. put her baby’s food supply at risk

  D. help her keep slim and healthy

2. What does the underlined word “detriment” mean in the second paragraph?

  A. Something that brings good.

  B. Something that brings damage.

  C. Something that brings obstacles.

  D. Something that brings development.

3. What is the purpose of the experiment carried out by Dr. Paul Hoffman?

  A. To investigate the influence of exercise on pregnant women.

  B. To find out what aerobic exercise can benefit a baby’s growth.

  C. To make sure of the effects exercise may have on babies’ birth weight

  D. To compare the differences between mothers who exercise and who don’t

4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

  A. Lighter babies are generally believed to be healthier than heavier ones.

  B. Non­－exercising mothers will definitely give birth to heavier babies.

  C. No studies have looked at the effect of exercise on birth weight before.

  D. Some women studied were asked to exercise regularly while some don’t.

5. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

  A. All mothers should take aerobic exercise.

  B. Moms who exercise give birth to lighter babies。

  C. Exercise reduces the risk of insulin resistance.

  D. Heavier babies are more likely to develop diabetes.

 

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Hoffman，40，a former senior vice president of a financial company，had what she describes as “one of those extreme jobs.” “I loved working,” she says. But her career path reached a crossroad when her second child was born，and she left her job in February 2007. Hoffman is one of many people who have left the work force to take a break，but she has a position as a consultant．She has described this type of career detour(繞路) ----- which is more common for women than for men—as “off- ramping．” Typically it occurs when the balancing act of parenting and work becomes too tough．
A study by the center found that more than 90 percent of women who off-ramp want to on-ramp back into the work force eventually．But making the transition back to work is rarely easy，and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.
Considering some of the obstacles faced by on- rampers , a three-day program called “Greater Returns：Restarting Your Career” was held at Columbia University. The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.
　According to one school of thought, women looking to make a comeback might even have an advantage in the current economy，especially if they are looking for part-time or consultant positions that do not offer benefits. And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition．
　“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home．“I now feel confident talking to an employer and saying，‘ Yes，I have been out of the work force，but here is where I can make significant contributions.’”

  1. 1.

    What is the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Off ramp：it is common　　　　　　　　
    2. B.
      On ramp：it is easy
    3. C.
      Off ramp or on ramp：it depends on confidence
    4. D.
      Off ramp to on ramp：it can be a hard Journey
  2. 2.

    According to the passage，Greater Returns___________．

    1. A.
      is intended to relieve the pressure of the jobless women
    2. B.
      has all the jobless women restart their career
    3. C.
      will build up the confidence of those in search of jobs
    4. D.
      is to last a11 the year around for the jobless women
  3. 3.

    The main reason for the women’s off-ramping is that_________．

    1. A.
      they have to suffer the sexual discrimination
    2. B.
      they have to parent their children
    3. C.
      they reach a crossroad of career
    4. D.
      they have great work pressure
  4. 4.

    From what Ms．Hoffman says in the last paragraph，we can conclude________

    1. A.
      she didn’t get advice from the Greater Returns program
    2. B.
      she was defensive about her off-ramping
    3. C.
      she didn’t get the job because she lied about her experience
    4. D.
      she is off ramp partly due to her straightforward manner
  5. 5.

    Which job is easier to get for a woman off-ramper?

    1. A.
      Regular workers
    2. B.
      Casual workers
    3. C.
      Company managers
    4. D.
      Bank clerks

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