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培優(yōu)三好生系列答案
優(yōu)化作業(yè)上海科技文獻出版社系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
I keep hammering this because I keep seeing people who don’t do it.
1. Look up English to Elvish.
2. Look up the Elvish word in the best Elvish dictionary you have, and, preferably, find out the context（上下文） in Tolkien’s language dictionary.
3. Change the word to suit rules of grammar: singular or plural, mutations, verb tenses, etc.
You cannot leave out any of these steps. If you do, you’re almost certain to have errors. Why you have to do step 2:
Languages never match up one- to-one. English and Elvish are closer than usual, but there are still problems. And English has strange idioms: why are there no baths or beds in public bathrooms or restrooms? You can’t translate literally（逐字地）. You have to understand the meaning behind each word.
In Elvish this is even more true, since our dictionaries contain more or less questionable reconstructions, and words that Tolkien later threw away or replaced. Find the best one you can.
Consider the word “fair”. We tend to use it to mean “just”. Tolkien tends to use it to mean “beautiful”. In Elvish, these are two entirely different words. So when you look up “fair”, you’ll have to go to the Elvish dictionary to see that you’ve got the right one.
Consider the nightmare（噩夢） of He left the bar. Is “l(fā)eft” the opposite of “right” （which also has two meanings） ? Is “bar” extruded steel（型材鋼）, or something to do with law? You have to know what words mean in both languages.
And you’d be amazed at how many people ignore step 3, forgetting that language is more than a string of words, and there are rules about how to fit those words together. You can’t simply look up the word “I” and use it everywhere. Sometimes you need “me” or “my”. There’s a reason it takes a while to learn a language: you have to learn the rules.
It drives me completely mad when people give a questionable translation they insist is right because “it’s in the dictionary”. A dictionary is a tool, a resource. but its entries（詞目）should not be mistaken for a finished product. They are raw materials.
The underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to .
A. consulting the dictionaries when translating between languages
B. finding out the true meaning in context
C. ignoring the rules of grammar
D. leaving out some of the three steps the author mentions
According to the author, you have to do step 2 because .
A. you have to understand the meaning behind each word
B. Elvish and English are quite different in forms
C. there are no baths or beds in public bathrooms
D. Elvish has some words which are hard to find
Grammar is also very important because it .
A. helps fit the words together
B. takes a while to learn a language
C. is a rule to obey
D. is often forgotten in translating
In the last paragraph, the author shows .
A. his impatience to those who insist their wrong translation is right
B. his puzzle to the questionable translation
C. the importance of the correct use of dictionaries
D. the mistaken entries in the dictionaries
The passage is mainly about how to .
A. learn a foreign language with a dictionary
B. avoid errors when looking up a dictionary
C. understand the meaning of a strange word
D. use a dictionary to translate between languages
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科目：高中英語 來源：浙江省衢州一中2009-2010學(xué)年度高一第一學(xué)期期末考試 題型：閱讀理解
It is possible to do many simple tricks with numbers. Here is one trick. It has seven steps.
First, write down your house number. For example, if your address is 73 Lemon Street, you would write down 73.
Next, double it. In other words, multiply(乘) it by two. Then, add five to this doubled number. For example, if your address was 73 and you doubled it, you would get 146. Then, if you added five, you’d get 151.
So, to repeat the first three steps, write down your house number, double it, and add five.
Fourth, multiply this number by 50. In our example here, if you multiply 151 by 50, you’ll get 7550.
The fifth step is to add your age to this total. For example, if you’re 26 years old, you should add 26 to this total. In our example here, the result would be 7550 plus 26, you’ll get 7576.
Sixth, you have to add the number of days in a year, which is 365. In our example here, 365 added to 7576 is 7941.
The seventh and final step is this: subtract(減) 615 from the number that you have. In our example, 7941 minus 615 is 7326.
The result here, 7-3-2-6, is the trick. The first part of the number is the address and the last part of the number is the age of the person. That is, 73 is the address that we started with, and 26 is the age that we used.
If you follow these seven steps with any address and the age of any person. You will get the same result.
73 According to the trick, what number can you get if you are 16 years old and your house number is 85？
A. 1685 B. 8516 C. 8165 D. 1658
74. How can your age number appear at the last part of the result?
A. It’s really a trick.
B. By
taking all the steps except Step1 and Step 2.
C. By taking Step 6 and Step 7.
D. By taking all the steps.
75. What’s the secret of the trick?
A. It’s impossible to know.
B. By taking Step 2 and Step 4, we get the formula(公式)：your address number ×2×50.
C. By taking all the steps except 1 and 2, we get the formula: 5×5
0+your age number+365－615="your" age number.
D. Both B and C.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆寧夏高三9月月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：完型填空
Embroidering (刺繡)
When I was a little boy living in New York, my mother used to embroider a great deal. I would sit at her knee and look up from the 36 and ask what she was doing. She 37 me that she was embroidering. I told her that it looked like a mess from where I was. As from the underside I watched her work within the 38 of the little round hoop（鐵環(huán)）that she held in her hand, I complained to her that it sure looked 39 from where I sat.
She would smile at me, look down and 40 say, "My son, you go about your 41 for a while, and when I am finished with my embroidering, I will put you on my 42 and let you see it from my side."
I would wonder why she was using some dark threads along with the 43 ones and why they seemed so jumbled（混亂的）from my 44 . A few minutes would pass and then I would hear Mother's voice say, " Son, come and sit on my knee." This I did only to be surprised and 45 to see a beautiful flower or a sunset. I could not 46 it, because from underneath it looked so messy.
Then mother would 47 to me, "My son, from underneath it did look messy and jumbled, but you did not realize that there was a 48 plan on the top. It was a 49 . I was only following it. Now look at it from my side 50 you will see what I was doing."
Many 51 through the years, I have 52 up to my Heavenly Father and said, “ Father, what are You doing? ” He 53 , “ I am embroidering your 54 . ” I say, " But it looks like a mess to me. It seems so jumbled. The threads seem so dark. Why can't they all be bright ? " The Father seems to tell me, " My child, you go about your business of doing My business, and one day I will bring you to 55 and put you on my knee and you will see the plan from My side. "
1.A. floor B. corner C. ceiling D. step
2.A. demanded B. blamed C. persuaded D. informed
3.A. decorate B. boundaries C. picture D. surface
4.A. messy B. dirty C. shabby D. tight
5.A. smartly B. cautiously C. gently D. precisely
6.A. complaining B. playing C. embroidering D. imagining
7.A. back B. chair C. knee D. table
8.A. white B. black C. bright D. shining
9.A. eyes B. opinion C. heart D .view
10.A. hopeful B. thrilled C. expecting D. enthusiastic
11.A. believe B. consider C. see D. touch
12.A. talk B. mention C. say D. whisper
13.A. pre-drawn B. previewed C. preserved D. produced
14.A. direction B. line C. diagram D. design
15.A. or B. and C. until D. unless
16.A. times B. days C. seasons D. chances
17.A. climbed B. jumped C. shouted D. looked
18.A. required B. answered C. instructed D. concluded
19.A. decision B. fortune C. life D. business
20.A. home B. mother C. America D. Heaven
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年山東省高三11月階段性測試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題
It's difficult enough to have privacy in a house, so privacy in a small dorm room is next to impossible. However, it can be done if both roommates are willing to cooperate.
Step 1 Tie a scarf to the outside doorknob as a symbol of Do Not Disturb, but be careful not to do this too consistently. Warn your roommate beforehand about possible days and times when this scarf will be on the door so your roommate will have time to make plans ahead of time instead of it being a surprise, especially if you plan to have an overnight guest. Be considerate if your roommate needs to get into the room regardless of the scarf on the door to get something out of the dorm because it is his dorm room too.
Step 2 If one roommate is a light sleeper and the other is a heavy sleeper, the heavy sleeper could consider an alternate way to wake himself up besides an alarm. Heavy sleepers tend to ignore alarms, but sometimes vibrating (震動的) cell phones feel like someone is shaking them. It is also a quieter way not to disturb the light sleeping roommate using a vibrating cell phone.
Step 3 Take cell phone calls outside of the room. Your roommate may not want to hear your conversation or you may want some privacy, but your roommate should not have to leave every time you have a phone call. The roommate who is not on the phone has no way of knowing how often you will have phone calls and should not be put out because you do.
Step 4 Ask if it' s okay to have a guest in the room. Although your roommate is not your parent, and you may feel like this is your room too, remember that__________. He may not want company when you do. If one roommate is more sociable than the other and guests become a repeated argument, consider asking the resident director if you can swap( 交換) roommate with someone else.
1.What does the passage mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2.How to avoid disturbing the light sleeper according to the passage(no more than 6 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
3.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words, (no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4.What does Step 3 suggest us? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
5.What does the word "it" (line 2, paragraph 1) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
________________________________________________________________________
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆黑龍江省高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語題 題型：單詞拼寫
1.We are all e__________after the journey. No one wants to move a further step.
2.He a__________his wife, and went to the USA to make money.
3.With the development of industry and agriculture, e__________energy is in great need in China.
4.Linda apologized to the teacher for leaving the school without his p___________.
5. The students are asked to c____________their attention on the experient.
6.The retired worker is very ___________(熱心的) about neighbourhood affairs.
7.They have ___________(設(shè)計) a lot of advanced electric equipment.
8.He is a very strict teacher, but the students ____________(尊敬) him.
9.He is very nice but I don’t really find him ____________(有吸引力的).
10.He was surprised that his speech had caused a strong ____________(反應(yīng)).
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