An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(賄賂), but is close to it.
All sorts of people are apple polishers, including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.
There are other phrases meaning the same thing as “apple-polishing”—“soft-soaping” or “buttering-up”. A gift is just one way to “soft-soap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.
Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.
We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its food value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.
Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.
He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery.
【小題1】Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “apple-polishing”?
| A．A boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks. |
| B．An employee tells her boss how good he is at management. |
| C．A knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers. |
| D．A teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom. |
| A．Everybody can be an apple-polisher. |
| B．Cromwell was not a good apple-polisher. |
| C．George Fox and his party were not apple-polishers. |
| D．There are people who don’t like being apple-polished. |
| A．Too much flattery can carry us away. |
| B．Flattery is too empty to do people any good. |
| C．Flattery can get you nothing but excessive(過度的) pride. |
| D．Flattery is one of the ways to apple-polish people. |
| A．Because he was sick of his normal life. |
| B．Because he disliked being overpraised any more. |
| C．Because he wanted them to realize how wise he was. |
| D．Because he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king. |
| A．Those who are politicians or in high offices. |
| B．Those who lack confidence. |
| C．Those who are really excellent. |
| D．Those who think highly of themselves. |
【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】B
【小題5】B
解析試題分析：本文論述了現(xiàn)在的社會存在的一個普遍現(xiàn)象，人們往往為了自己的一點利益去送禮或者說一些阿諛奉承的話，當然有時即使這樣做了也未免就能實現(xiàn)自己的愿望。
【小題1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.一個老師表揚學生并不是想得到什么好處，故選D。
【小題2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)All sorts of people are apple polishers, including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.高層的領(lǐng)導者都是拍馬屁的人，可以想象每個人都可能是這種人，故選A。
【小題3】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. A gift is just one way to “soft-soap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, 故選D。
【小題4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). 國王厭煩了朝臣的阿諛奉承，故選B。
【小題5】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it. We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.對于缺乏自信的人是有好處的，故選B。
考點：社會現(xiàn)象類短文閱讀。
點評：做推理判斷類試題時我們不僅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潛在的含義，以及作者所給的提示。同時要對文章的含義和作者的暗示作合理的猜測和推論。關(guān)鍵是：意思要靠推斷得出，而不是原文照搬。這就要把握住文章的主題思想和每段的內(nèi)容；明確作者的觀點及其寫作該文的目的；分析文章里所給的有關(guān)信息；注意詞匯在詞典里的定義和詞典以外的含義；最后運用自己的知識進行由表及里的邏輯推理，挖出文章的伏筆，得出正確的推論。
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
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閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
It' s six o' clock on a cold Saturday morning．Liu Zifan reluctantly gets out of the warm bed．
"I wish I could sleep 36 more," says Liu．
The 12-year-old seventh grader from Beijing Guangqumen 37 School must take an - hour - ride to get to the school for the 38 curriculums that occupy her whole Saturday morning． 39 Sunday afternoon, she has music lessons from 3 p．m．to 7 p．m．．
During weekdays, Liu has to get up around five in the morning, and 40 home by six．
" My teacher 41 us to eat an apple in the morning so that we won' t feel 42 " , she says．
In primary school, Liu 43 taking the New Concept English class every Saturday morning, and Chinese, English and Olympic maths classes in the afternoon．On Sunday morning, she had to do 44 at home．In the afternoon, she took Cambridge English class．
"I didn't have time to rest, 45 on Friday night," Liu recalls．
The family has a monthly 46 of about 1,700 yuan．Liu Zifan' s 47 classes cost 2, 000 yuan each term．
" I think it' s 48 the money," Liu' s father says．" We do everything we can to provide her with good education, 49 she will get a good job in the future．"
Chinese children face 50 pressures on study．Some parents make their children study 51 First graders start to take classes for second graders, and so on, therefore they can get an 52 in exams．Most Chinese 53 believe high academic credentials （成績） mean a better school, a brighter future．So they 54 their children to extracurricular classes like music, English and maths to develop a special 55 , which later might be a stepping stone to a good school．
36．A．a(chǎn)ny B．some C．even D．far
37．A．Secondary B．Training C．Language D．Primary
38．A．super B．extra C．huge D．usual
39．A．In B．For C．At D．On
40．A．get B．stay C．leave D．drive
41 A．orders B．recommends C．persuades D．suggests
42．A．sleepy B．tired C．cold D．thirsty
43．A．stopped B．finished C．enjoyed D．started
44．A．housework B．washing C．homework D．writing
45．A．besides B．including C．since D．except
46．A．pay B．cost C．income D． money
47．A．weekend B．Sunday C．everyday D．Saturday
48．A．wasteful B．worth C．valuable D．worthy
49．A．so that B．since C．now that D．while
50．A．challenging B．increasing C．developing D．changing
51．A．a(chǎn)head B．hard C．late D．a(chǎn)way
52 A．a(chǎn)verage B．a(chǎn)chievement C．a(chǎn)dvance D．a(chǎn)dvantage
53．A．teachers B．students C．friends D．parents
54．A．send B．hope C．take D．wish
55．A．strength B．interest C．talent D．skill
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第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）
請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Long long ago, a little boy loved to play around an apple tree. He climbed to the tree, ate the apples, and took a nap under the shadow.... He loved the tree 36 the tree also loved him.
Later, the boy grew up and 37 . The tree was sad. One day, the boy returned and the tree was 38 . “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I have to work for my family. We need a 39 for shelter. Can you help me?” The boy said. “Cut off my branches to build your house,” the tree said. So the boy cut all the branches 40 the tree and left happily. The tree was glad to see him happy, but the boy never came back. The tree was again 41 and sad.
Once the boy came again. “Come and play with me!” the tree said 42 . “I want to go 43 to relax myself. Can you give me a boat?” The boy said. “Use my 44 to build your boat. You can sail far away and be happy.” The tree said. So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and never showed up for a long time.
Finally, the boy 45 after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy, I have nothing for you,” the tree said. “The only thing 46 is my dying roots,” the tree said with tears. “I don’t need much now, just a place to rest. I am tired after all these years.” The boy 47 .
“Good! Old tree root is the best place to sit 48 . Come, sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and 49 with tears.
This is a story about everyone. The tree is our parents. When we are 50 , we love to play with them. When we grow up, we 51 them, and only come to them when we need something or we are in trouble. However, parents will 52 be there and give everything that they could .You may think that the boy is cruel 53 the tree but that’s how all of us are 54 our parents in real life. Shouldn’t we give more 55 to our parents?
36. A. so B. but C. and D. while
37. A. graduated B. left C. cheered D. stayed
38. A. sad B. pleasant C. angry D. excited
39. A. box B. house C. car D. room
40. A. off B. on C. over D. in
41. A. delighted B. satisfied C. alone D. lonely
42. A. coldly B. happily C. surprisingly D. bitterly
43. A. hunting B. camping C. swimming D. sailing
44. A. root B. branches C. trunk D. leaves
45. A. returned B. turned C. disappeared D. approached
46. A. remaining B. to go C. leaving D. left
47. A. shouted B. replied C. requested D. asked
48. A. against B. in C. on D. over
49. A. smiled B. cried C. wept D. cheered
50. A. aged B. young C. adults D. old
51. A. remember B. forget C. leave D. dislike
52. A. seldom B. never C. sometimes D. always
53. A. to B. with C. about D. upon
54. A. curing B. cheating C. loving D. treating
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A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting （誘人的）apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. The boy wasn’t much of a fruit-eater, 36 a bar of chocolate if given the choice, 37 , as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the 38 he felt and the more he wanted that apple.
39 as high as he could, but even as his tallest 40 he was unable to touch It. He began to 41 up and down , as high as he could, at the 42 of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple . Still it remained out of 43 . Not giving up , he though , if only he had something to 44 on . His school bag wouldn’t give enough height and he didn’t want to 45 the things inside , like his lunch box , pencil case , and Gameboy. Looking 46 , he hoped he might find an old box , a rock , or , 47 luck , even a ladder , but it was a tidy neighborhood and there was nothing he could use. He had tired everything he could think to do. 48 seeing any other choices , he gave up and started to walk 49 . At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his 50 , and how he really wanted that apple . The more he 51 like this , the more unhappy he became.
52 ,the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldn’t always get what get he wanted .He started to say to himself . This isn’t 53 ,I don’t have the apple and I’m feeling miserable as well.There’s 54 more I can do to get the apple-that is unchangeable-but we are supposed to be able to 55 our feelings. If that’s the case, what can I do to feel better?
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Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment (營養(yǎng)).The old saying “An apple 
a day keeps the doctor away” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy.
But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening,
【小題1】“Your body has close relations with the food you eat.” It really means that ______.
A．a(chǎn)ll kinds of food you eat can be ma de into your body |
| B．your body is made up of the food you eat |
| C．what you eat has great effect on your health |
| D．the more you eat, the fitter you will feel |
A． eating apples regularly does lots of good to our health |
| B．the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits |
| C．a(chǎn)pples can take the place of doctors |
| D．a(chǎn)n apple is a sure cure for illness |
| A．our bodies need food or we can’t live |
| B．often eating apples is a good habit |
| C．taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless |
| D．a(chǎn) good diet is of great importance for our health |
| A．only eat an apple a day |
| B．eat properly |
| C．take as many vitamin pills as possible |
| D．throw something into our stomachs slowly and carefully |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆河南省鄭州四中高三第二次調(diào)考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：填空題
該文中共有十處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處,錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧), 并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（ ＼）劃掉。
修改： 在錯的詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2、只允許修改十處, 多者(從第11處起) 不計分。
I like eating fruit and vegetables what are of great benefit to our healthy. Not only do they prevent us from falling into ill, but they help us lose weight. I used to hate vegetables, but follow the doctor’s advice, I gradually kicked the bad habit. Just as an old saying going, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away”. However, there are still many children dislike fruit and vegetables. On contrary, influenced by this or that kind of advertisement, many were crazy about junk food. Consequently, they become weaker and weaker instead of getting strong. In my opinion, we must take action to change them.
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