Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

For Self-driving Cars, Car Washes are a Nightmare

Car washes have been automated for decades, but companies developing fully self-driving vehicles must rely on a human touch to keep their cars and trucks in working condition.

【1】 For example, soap remainder or water spots could effectively “blind” a self-driving car. A traditional car wash’s heavy brushes could jar the vehicle’s sensors, disturbing their standardization and accuracy. Even worse, sensors, which can cost over $100,000, could be broken. 【2】 Dirt, dead bugs, bird droppings or water spots can impact the vehicle’s ability to drive safely.

Avis, which has years of experience managing rental cars, has been tasked with cleaning and refueling the self-driving vans of Waymo, the self-driving arm of Google’s parent company. Avis chief innovation officer Arthur Ordua told CNN, “There are special processes that definitely require a lot more care and focus, and you have to clean the vans quite often.”

【3】 But other self-driving car companies such as Toyota, Aptiv, Drive, AI and Uber described to CNN that they use microfiber (微纖維) cloths along with rubbing alcohol, water or glass cleaner for manual cleanings.

【4】 This should ease some need for manual cleaning. But because self-driving vehicles can have dozens of sensors, Seeva CEO Diane Lansinger doesn’t imagine products like this will be able to clean every camera, radar or LIDAR, a laser sensor that most experts see as essential for self-driving vehicles.

A. The sensors on a fully self-driving car require special care.

B. Ordua wouldn’t reveal exactly how they’re washing the vehicles.

C. The most advanced cars on the planet require an old-fashioned handwashing.

D. Meanwhile, some companies, such as Cruise, are building sensor cleaning equipment into their vehicles.

E. There are a range of problems with putting a self-driving vehicle through a traditional car wash, experts say.

F. A self-driving vehicle’s external needs to be cleaned even more frequently than a typical car because the sensors must remain free of obstacles.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】F

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了自動(dòng)駕駛汽車面臨的洗車難問(wèn)題。

【1】空后說(shuō)例如，肥皂殘留物或水漬可以有效地“蒙蔽”自動(dòng)駕駛汽車，這是對(duì)空處的舉例說(shuō)明，因此此處是說(shuō)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車在洗車時(shí)存在一定的問(wèn)題，故E項(xiàng)（專家表示，讓自動(dòng)駕駛汽車接受傳統(tǒng)的洗車服務(wù)存在一系列問(wèn)題）符合語(yǔ)境。

【2】空后說(shuō)灰塵、死蟲子、鳥糞或水漬會(huì)影響車輛的安全駕駛能力，因此此處是說(shuō)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車需要經(jīng)常清洗，故F項(xiàng)（自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的外部需要比普通汽車更頻繁地進(jìn)行清潔，因?yàn)閭鞲衅鞅仨毐３謺惩ǎ┓�合語(yǔ)境。

【3】空后說(shuō)但豐田、Aptiv、Drive、AI和Uber等其他自動(dòng)駕駛汽車公司向CNN表示，它們使用超細(xì)纖維布和酒精、水或玻璃清潔劑進(jìn)行手動(dòng)清洗，此處講的還是關(guān)于汽車公司清洗自動(dòng)駕駛汽車的情況，并與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故B項(xiàng)（奧杜納不愿透露他們是如何清洗車輛的）符合語(yǔ)境。

【4】空后說(shuō)這樣可以減少一些手動(dòng)清洗的需要，但是，由于自動(dòng)駕駛汽車可以有幾十個(gè)傳感器，Seeva首席執(zhí)行官戴安蘭辛格并不認(rèn)為這樣的產(chǎn)品能夠清潔每一個(gè)傳感器，因此此處講的是汽車公司為清洗自動(dòng)駕駛汽車上的傳感器所做的努力，故D項(xiàng)（與此同時(shí)，一些公司，如克魯斯，正在他們的車輛上安裝傳感器清潔設(shè)備）符合語(yǔ)境。

在六選四的解題過(guò)程中，空后出現(xiàn)的for example, for instance往往是重要線索，例如本篇第1題，根據(jù)空后的“For example, soap remainder or water spots could effectively “blind” a self-driving car.”可知，例如，肥皂殘留物或水漬可以有效地“蒙蔽”自動(dòng)駕駛汽車，“For example”表明這是對(duì)空處的舉例說(shuō)明，因此此處是說(shuō)自動(dòng)駕駛汽車在洗車時(shí)存在一定的問(wèn)題，故E項(xiàng)（專家表示，讓自動(dòng)駕駛汽車接受傳統(tǒng)的洗車服務(wù)存在一系列問(wèn)題）符合語(yǔ)境。