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【題目】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項。
Women are friendly. They often share with others. But men are more competitive. They are trying to improve their social status. Why? Researchers have found it's all due to the hormone oxytocin (荷爾蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.
Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it when falling in love or giving birth.
But in a former experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during a negative situation such as envy (嫉妒).
Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relations, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.
Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.
Half of the participants (參與者) received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰劑).
After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same steps with the other material.
Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social behavior. Then they were asked to analyze the relations by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.
The results showed that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relations improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.
Professor Ryan thus concluded, “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better tell apart different social behaviors.”
（1）What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?
A.Placebo.
B.Oxytocin.
C.The gesture.
D.The social status.
（2）What can we learn from Professor Ryan's former experiment?
A.Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.
B.Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.
C.Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.
D.Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.
（3）Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?
A.To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social behavior.
B.To know the differences between friendship and competition.
C.To know people's different abilities to answer questions.
D.To test people's understanding of body language.
（4）The author develops the text by _______.
A.explaining people's behavior
B.describing his own experiences
C.telling apart sexual differences
D.discussing research experiments

【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，通過Professor Ryan所做的調查實驗發(fā)現：荷爾蒙催生素能提高人們更好辨認不同社會行為的能力；男女之間行為的差異主要是由荷爾蒙催生素引起的。
（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的“ Women are friendly. They often share with others. But men are more competitive. They are trying to improve their social status. Why? Researchers have found it's all due to the hormone oxytocin (荷爾蒙催生素). ”可知，男女之間行為表現的不同是由于荷爾蒙催生素導致的。故選B。
（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段，從Ryan教授先前的實驗可知，當我們嫉妒他人的時候，身體也會產生荷爾蒙催生素。故選C。
（3）考查判斷推理。根據Professor Ryan所做的實驗的過程及最后所得出的實驗結論Our experiment proves that...可知，最近這次實驗是想測試一下荷爾蒙催生素對辨認社交行為的效果，而結果證實了荷爾蒙催生素能提高人們的這種能力。故選A。
（4）考查判斷推理。本文是通過討論所做的不同的實驗及結果而展開的，所以答案是D。

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