Question

【題目】A new set of brain images shows why : Reading the Roman alphabets and Chinese characters uses different parts of the brain.

The results also suggest that Chinese schoolchildren have reading problems in a different part of the brain used in reading alphabet-based languages. This shows that the learning disorder dyslexia ( inability to read properly) is not the same in very culture and does not have a universal biological cause.

Scientists described the results as “ very important and revolutionary”. While dyslexia has certain common roots, they said, they now have some proof that this kind of functional problem works differently according to the different demands that Western and Eastern languages place on the brain.

Dyslexia is a common developmental disorder in which people of normal intelligence have difficulty learning to read, spell and master other language skills.

The results suggest that treating dyslexia around the world probably will require different treatments.

“Reading is complex,” said Guinevere Eden, Georgetown University professor. “ This shows we need to be more open-minded about diverse treatment approaches.”

Its origins are complex. There appears to be a genetic aspect to the illness. It also may result from brain injury before birth that changes visual and hearing pathways in the brain.

Earlier brain scans show that English-reading dyslexics don’t function properly in a left part of the brain associated with the awareness of 44 sounds from the English alphabet. However, according to the new study, reading Chinese uses some different parts of the brain located in the left-front of the brain. It is associated with symbol interpretation. Unlike alphabet letters, Chinese characters represent entire thoughts and physical objects.

Dyslexia

Definition	A learning 【1】 in which people of average IQ find it 【2】to learn to read and acquire other language skills
Origins	Genetic causes or brain 【3】 before birth, which affects 【4】 and hearing abilities
Finding of the earlier study	【5】reading dyslexics don’t function properly in a left part of the brain
Discovery of the new study	Reading Chinese uses the 【6】part of the brain
Conclusion	Reading Roman alphabets and reading Chinese characters place different 【7】on the brain. Dyslexia is not the same in every 【8】and does not have the same 【9】roots.
【10】	Dyslexia needs to be treated in different ways

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】disorder/problem

【2】difficult/ hard

【3】injury/damage

【4】visual

【5】English/Alphabet

【6】left-front

【7】demands/requirements

【8】culture

【9】biological

【10】Solution

【解析】新的大腦影像顯示，閱讀羅馬字母和漢字使用大腦的不同部位。這表明對不同文化中的學(xué)習(xí)障礙解決方法是不同的，文章就學(xué)習(xí)障礙進(jìn)行了分析，并提出了一些解決方法。

考察學(xué)生的詞匯，語法運(yùn)用，以及對文章的整體理解能力。

【1】這是表述的是Dyslexia的定義。根據(jù)文章Dyslexia is a common developmental disorder in which people of normal intelligence have difficulty learning to read, spell and master other language skills. Dyslexia是一種普通的發(fā)展失調(diào)，在這種狀態(tài)中，正常智力的人們學(xué)會讀、拼寫以及掌握語言技能都有苦難。對應(yīng)題目中給的句子A learning ____1____ in which people of average IQ find it ___2___to learn to read and acquire other language skills可知這里第一空用單詞disorder/problem。

【2】對應(yīng)句子…people of normal intelligence have difficulty learning to read, spell and master other language skills.… 正常智力的人們學(xué)會讀、拼寫以及掌握語言技能都有苦難。可知正常智力的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)會讀以及獲得其他語言技能困難。故這里用單詞difficult/ hard。

【3】這里陳述的是讀寫困難的起因。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容Its origins are complex. There appears to be a genetic aspect to the illness. It also may result from brain injury before birth that changes visual and hearing pathways in the brain.可知讀寫困難的起因很復(fù)雜�？赡苁腔�因方面的疾病。也可能有出生前的大腦傷害導(dǎo)致。故用名詞injury/damage。

【4】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容It also may result from brain injury before birth that changes visual and hearing pathways in the brain.可知由于出生前的腦部受損會改變大腦中視覺和聽力路徑。故這里用單詞visual。

【5】第5小題所在的句子陳述了早期研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。對應(yīng)文章最后一段的句子Earlier brain scans show that English-reading dyslexics don’t function properly in a left part of the brain associated with the awareness of 44 sounds from the English alphabet.可知用單詞English/Alphabet。

【6】第6小題所在的句子描述的是新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。對應(yīng)文章最后一段reading Chinese uses some different parts of the brain located in the left-front of the brain. “閱讀漢字使用的是位于大腦左前方的不同部分”可知這里用單詞left-front。

【7】Reading Roman alphabets and reading Chinese characters place different ___7___on the brain.閱讀羅馬字母和閱讀漢字對大腦有不同的----。對應(yīng)文章中的句子this kind of functional problem works differently according to the different demands that Western and Eastern languages place on the brain. 這種功能上的問題根據(jù)東西方語言在大腦位置的不同要求用不同的工作方式。故這里用單詞demands/requirements。

【8】根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容This shows that the learning disorder dyslexia ( inability to read properly) is not the same in very culture …可知讀寫困難在每種文化中是不同的，故此空用culture。

【9】根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容This shows that the learning disorder dyslexia ( inability to read properly) is not the same in very culture and does not have a universal biological cause.可知讀寫困難在每種文化中是不同的，并沒有一般的生物學(xué)原因。故此空用biological。

【10】Dyslexia needs to be treated in different ways讀寫困難需要用不同的方式治療。說的是治療方法層面的句子。故此空用單詞Solution。