Question

Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be   1  for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it   2   .

Research is preliminary, but several studies   3  people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.

In an editorial   4  this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define   5  activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.

While health officials have issued guidelines   6  minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated   7  .

"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send   8  signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the   9  start to shut down.

Even for people who   10   , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day —   11  still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day,    12  in a single bout.

That wasn't   13  news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting    14   a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art  15  wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.

"I'm sure there are some detrimental   16  of staying still for too long, but I hope that being   17  when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be   18  dangerous."

Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat   19  had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.

Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.

Experts said more research is needed to    20  just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.

(   ) 1. A. bad                    B. good                C. mean                       D. dead

(   ) 2. A. does                  B. occurs              C. matches                   D. dies

(   ) 3. A. advise                B. talk                  C. suggest                    D. say

(   ) 4. A. thrown                      B. caught              C. seen                        D. published

(   ) 5. A. biological           B. physical            C. psychological           D. logical

(   ) 6. A. commending      B. mending           C. recommending         D. communicating

(   ) 7. A. stand                 B. state                 C. post                 D. position

(   ) 8. A. harmful             B. careful             C. wonderful         D. skillful

(   ) 9. A. head                  B. arm                  C. body                D. foot

(   ) 10. A. sleep                B. rest                  C. walk                D. exercise

(   ) 11. A. and                  B. so                    C. but                   D. then

(   ) 12. A. rather than               B. other than        C. more than         D. less than

(   ) 13. A. bad                  B. harmful            C. disadvantage     D. welcome

(   ) 14. A. behind             B. back                 C. in front of               D. forward

(   ) 15. A. referring          B. involving          C. taking              D. bringing

(   ) 16. A. effects              B. prefects            C. affects              D. offers

(   ) 17. A. inactive            B. active               C. interactive               D. positive

(   ) 18. A. such                 B. little                 C. lot                   D. that

(   ) 19. A. less                  B. fewer                      C. more                D. further

(   ) 20. A. leave out          B. bring out          C. hold out           D. figure out

Answer 1

1-20 ABCDB CDACD CADCB ABDCD

解析:

本文說明的是：越來越多的科學(xué)家提醒，即使經(jīng)常鍛煉身體，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著也會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生有害影響。完成此題時(shí)要結(jié)合日常生活中的常識(shí)。

1. A長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著也會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生有害（bad）影響，而非好（good）影響，吝嗇的（mean），和死的（dead）。

2. B 不管你坐在哪里，它都會(huì)發(fā)生（occurs），而不是做（does），匹配（matches），和死亡（dies）。

3. C但已有幾項(xiàng)研究顯示(suggest)，而不是建議（advise），談?wù)摚╰alk）和說（say）。

4. D 在英國(guó)《運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的（published）一篇評(píng)論文，而絕非是扔掉的（thrown），抓住的（caught），看見的（seen）。

5. B相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)重新考慮如何界定身體（physical）鍛煉，以強(qiáng)調(diào)久坐的危害。是身體而非生理（biological），心理（psychological）和邏輯（logical）。

6. C 衛(wèi)生官員已發(fā)布指南建議（recommending）人們的最低身體活動(dòng)量，是建議而不是修補(bǔ)（mending），評(píng)論（commending）和交流（communicating）。

7. D但在一天最多坐(保持坐姿：in a seated position)幾個(gè)小時(shí)的問題上還是個(gè)空白，是姿勢(shì)而非座位（stand），狀態(tài)（state），和柱子（post）。

8. A身體會(huì)開始發(fā)出有害（harmful）信號(hào)，而不是仔細(xì)的（careful），完美的（wonderful），和有技巧的（skillful）。

9. C此時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)體內(nèi)（就是身體：body）葡萄糖和脂肪量的基因會(huì)開始罷工，而絕不是頭（head），胳膊（arm）和腳（foot）。

10. D即使對(duì)那些經(jīng)常鍛煉（exercise）的人來說，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著也有害，是鍛煉而不是睡覺（sleep），休息（rest）和走路（walk）。

11. C對(duì)于那些每天鍛煉但依然（就是轉(zhuǎn)折：but）有很多時(shí)間是處于靜坐狀態(tài)的人來說，是表示轉(zhuǎn)折而不是和（and），因此（so）這樣的遞進(jìn)因果關(guān)系，更不是然后（then）這樣的副詞了。

12. A如果每天的鍛煉可分散進(jìn)行而不是（rather than）一次集中完成，other than:就是，more than：多于，less than：少于，顯得不合適。

13. D 這對(duì)于艾特金.肯來說不是什么好消息，這兒就是受人歡迎的（welcome）消息，而不是壞的（bad），有害的（harmful），不利（disadvantage）消息。

14. C肯每天大部分時(shí)間都坐在電腦前（in front of），而不是后面（behind），往后（back）和往前（forward）。

15. B不過他每周有幾個(gè)晚上教授和摔跤相關(guān)的（involving）柔術(shù)，而不是參考（referring），拿走（taking）和帶來（bringing）。

16. A我知道長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著不動(dòng)肯定有害的影響（effects），而不是完美（prefects）和提供（offers），affects是動(dòng)詞：影響，我們這兒要的是名詞。

17. B但我希望我做的這些運(yùn)動(dòng)（就是活躍起來：active）能起到作用，而絕不是不活躍（inactive），互動(dòng)（interactive）和正面（positive）。

18. D我不愿相信坐著會(huì)產(chǎn)生這么（也就那么：that）危險(xiǎn)的后果，而不是修飾名詞的如此（such），少的（little）和得還a連用的多（lot）。

19. C長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐著（就是坐的較多：more）的人死亡率更高，而根本不是修飾不可數(shù)的較少的（less），修飾可數(shù)的較少的（fewer），和較遠(yuǎn)的(further)。

20. D 開展更多研究以測(cè)算（就是計(jì)算出：figure out）每天坐多久會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生威脅，而不是遺漏（leave out），拿出（bring out）和舉出（hold out）。