Question

You are careful with your money: you collect all kinds of coupons; look for group-buy deals if you eat out; you don't buy clothes unless in a sale. Does all this make you a wise consumer?

Let's do the math first: you walk into a coffee shop and see two deals for a cup of coffee. The first deal offers 33 percent extra coffee. The second takes 33 percent off the  regular price. What's the better deal? Well, they are about the same, you'd think. And you'd be wrong. The deals appear to be equal, but in fact, they are different. Here's the math: Let's say the standard coffee is 10 yuan and let's divide the amount of coffee into three portions(部分). That makes about 3.3 yuan per portion, The first deal gets you 4 portions for 10 yuan (2.5 yuan per portion) and the second gets you 3 portions of coffee for 6.6 yuan (2.2 yuan per portion) and is therefore a better deal.

In a new study published by the Journal of Marketing, participants were asked the same question, and most of them chose the first deal, the Atlantic website reported. Why? Because getting something extra for free feels better than getting the same for less. The applications of this view into consumer psychology(心理) are huge. Instead of offering direct discounts, shops offer larger sizes or free samples.

According to the study, the reason why these marketing tricks work is that consumers don't really know how much anything should cost, so we rely on parts of our brains that  aren't strictly quantitative.

There are some traps we should be aware of when shopping. First of all, we are heavily influenced by the first number. Suppose you are shopping in Hong Kong. You walk into Hermes, and you see a 100,000 yuan bag. "That's crazy." You shake your head and leave. The next shop is Gucci, a handbag here costs 25,000 yuan. The price is still high, but compared to the 100,000 yuan price tag you just committed to your memory, this is a steal. Stores often use the price difference to set consumers' expectation. zxxk

Another trap we often fall to Is that we are not really sure what things are worth. And so we use clues(暗示) to tell us what we ought to pay for them. US economist Dan Ariely has done an experiment to prove this. According to the Atlantic, Ariely pretended he was giving a lecture on poetry. He told one group of students that the tickets cost money and another group that they would be paid to attend. Then he informed both groups that thelecture was free. The first group was anxious to attend, believing they were getting something of value for free. The second group mostly declined, believing they were being forced to volunteer for the same event without reward.

What's a lecture on poetry by an economist worth? The students had no idea. That's  the point. Do we really know what a shirt is worth ? What about a cup of coffee? What's the worth of a life insurance.policy? Who knows? Most of us don't. As a result, our shopping  brain uses only what is knowable:  visual(祝覺的) clues, invited emotions, comparisons, and  a sense of bargain. We are not stupid. We are just easily influenced.

1.The first paragraph of the passage is intended to      

A．a(chǎn)sk a question                          B．introduce a topic

C．give some examples                     D．describe a phenomenon

2.The writer takes the math for example in Paragraph 2 to show      .          _.

A．consumers usually fall into marketing traps

B．consumers' expectation is difficult to predict

C．consumers' purchasing power is always changing

D．consumers rely on their own judgment when shopping

3.What consumer psychology is mentioned in the passage?

A．The first number has little influence on which item should be bought.

B．Consumers never use visual clues to decide how much should be paid.

C．Getting something extra for free is better than getting the same for less.

D．Consumers never rely on parts of the brains that aren't strictly quantitative.

4.According to the passage, shops use the following tricks to make more profits EXCEPT         .  

A．showing price differences                 B．offering larger sizes

C．providing free samples                   D．giving direct discounts

5.What can we know from US economist Dan Ariely's experiment?

A．Ariely's free lecture enjoyed popularity among students.

B．The students actually didn't know what the lecture was worth.

C．The second group was willing to be volunteers without reward.

D．The first group was eager to find out the value of Ariely's lecture.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.D

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：

1.B 推理題。本文第一段的目的就是為了引出所要談?wù)摰倪@個(gè)話題，怎么樣才是一個(gè)明智的消費(fèi)者？第一段的作用是引起下文，故B正確。

2.A 推理題。第二段距了這樣的一個(gè)例子是為了說明很多的消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)物的時(shí)候都沒有算清楚真正的那種方法更合理，容易犯錯(cuò)。故A正確。

3.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段3,4行Why? Because getting something extra for free feels better than getting the same for less.說明C的說法正確。

4.D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章列舉的多個(gè)例子可知商家給出了多種打折的方法，但是就是沒有給出直接的折扣，使用了一些其它的方法如數(shù)學(xué)方面來讓人很困惑，就是沒有給出直接的折扣。故D的說法正確。

5.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段1,2行What's a lecture on poetry by an economist worth? The students had no idea. That's  the point.說明B正確。學(xué)生并不清楚這個(gè)演講的真正價(jià)值。

考點(diǎn)：考查教育類短文閱讀

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文講述了在商家打折的時(shí)候所運(yùn)用的多種方法，最終的目的是讓消費(fèi)者不能理性消費(fèi)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)他們盈利的目的。考查了推理題和細(xì)節(jié)題為主，要求考生能根據(jù)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)和上下文的信息在根據(jù)題目中的隱含信息作出準(zhǔn)確的判斷推理。