Question

ABORIGINAL is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in a place from the earliest known times or before Europeans arrived. Examples are the Maori in New Zealand, the Aborigines in Australia and the Indians in America. They all share the fact that they were pushed off their land by European settlers.
Maori
The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand, about 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands of Polynesia in the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the Northern Island. In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers, but in later years there were arguments and battles between them.
Aborigines
The native people of Australia came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.
American Indians
Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came from Asia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land for India and so called the people there Indians. The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally arose and led to the Indian Wars (1866-1890). After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 did they gain the right to vote.
【小題1】The similarity among Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians is that _________.

A．they lost their vote right after European settlers’ arrival

B．they lost their land after European settlers’ arrival

C．they were driven out of their country after European settlers’ arrival

D．they were not treated as citizens until recently

【小題2】Before European settlers arrived, we can infer that the Aboriginals had lived _________ life.

A．a(chǎn) miserable

B．a(chǎn) bitter

C．a(chǎn) peaceful

D．a(chǎn) troublesome

【小題3】Which of the following was first interrupted by the Europeans?

A．Maoris.

B．Aborigines.

C．American Indians.

D．Not mentioned.

【小題4】The passage mainly tells us _______.

A．the war between aboriginal people and white settlers

B．the history of Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians

C．the present unfair treatment to aboriginal people of the world

D．European settlers were the enemy of all aboriginal people

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】C
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文敘述了土居居民的的歷史，毛利人在1000多年前來(lái)到了新西蘭，后來(lái)英國(guó)人開(kāi)始來(lái)到這里。澳大利亞的土著居民來(lái)自亞洲的某個(gè)地方，他們靠打獵和采摘為生，后來(lái)英國(guó)人開(kāi)始來(lái)到這里打擾了他們的生活。美洲的印第安人他們來(lái)自亞洲，后來(lái)歐洲人來(lái)了，他們的生活變得不平靜了。這三種土著居民的共同特點(diǎn)就是外人來(lái)時(shí)，他們的土地被外來(lái)人占去了一些并且他們的地位低下。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers,和In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines 可推出當(dāng)時(shí)是被搶去一些土地；the Indians were driven to the west of the country. 可知故選B。
【小題2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. 在歐洲人去以前他們過(guò)著平靜的生活，故選C。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. Maoris是在1769年；Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. Aborigines是在1788年；Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there.  American Indians是在16世紀(jì)；故選C。
【小題4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)短文的主要講述了這三種人的歷史情況，可知故選B
考點(diǎn)：歷史類短文閱讀。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：主旨大意題要識(shí)別和理解主題句，可迅速準(zhǔn)確地抓住短文的中心思想，從而把握住全篇的主要內(nèi)容。在確定文章的主旨思想時(shí)，選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容既不能太具體也不能太籠統(tǒng)。在選擇和確定主旨思想時(shí)，題中給出的四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)往往都是事實(shí)，要求考生從中選出最能概括文章主旨思想的一項(xiàng)作為正確答案。在這方面考生容易犯以下兩種錯(cuò)誤：一種是把主題的一部分看成是文章的“主旨思想”，這樣選擇的“主旨思想”太具體，不能準(zhǔn)確地概括出整個(gè)文章或段落的主旨思想。另一種是在表達(dá)作者的主旨思想時(shí)，詞語(yǔ)概括的范圍太大，太籠統(tǒng)，超出了作者的本意。