Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley.
The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsius. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy -four degrees Celsius.
Death Valley contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations. Some are red. Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black.
The area was named by a woman in 1849. Thousands of people from other parts of the ountry traveled to the gold mining areas in California. They were in a hurry to get there before other people did. One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail. By December they had reached Death Valley.  They did not have to survive the terrible heat of summer, but there was still an extreme lack of water. There were few plants for their work animals to eat.
The people could not find a pass through the tall mountains to the west of the Valley, Slowly, they began co suffer from a lack of food. To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the Valley. As they left, one woman looked back and said, "Good -bye, death valley. ” The name has never been changed.
Almost everyone who visits Death Valley visits a huge house called Scotty' s Castle. The building design is Spanish, with high thick walls to provide protection from the fierce heat.
The castle is named for Walter Scott , called Scotty. by his friends. He was a gold miner. He told everyone that he built the house with money he made from his gold mine. Many people believed him. But it was not really the truth.
【小題1】 The first two paragraphs discuss Death Valley' s ________.

A．geography B．climate C．location D．size
【小題2】The volcanoes mentioned in the third paragraph proved ________.
A．a(chǎn) valley that is formed by explosions B．a(chǎn) place where volcanoes are still active
C．a(chǎn) good example of the violence of nature D．a(chǎn) symbol of rock formations in history
【小題3】The woman who named Death Valley intended to ________.
A．explore the mystery of the valley B．find an area with plants for animals
C．experience the terrible heat of summer D．look for gold in California
【小題4】If the passage continues, it will be about ________.
A．the truth about Scotty's Castle B．why Spanish built the castle
C．when the castle was built D．where the castle lies in
【小題5】The main idea of the passage is about ________.
A．the interesting place in Death Valley B．the facts about Death Valley
C．the origin of Death Valley D．the route to visit Death Valley


【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】A
【小題5】B

解析試題分析：
【小題1】B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsi 故B符合題意
【小題2】C 推斷題。根據(jù)This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations故C符合題意
【小題3】D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)The area was named by a woman in 1849. Thousands of people from other parts of the ountry traveled to the gold mining areas in California。故D符合題意
【小題4】A 猜測題。根據(jù)Many people believed him. But it was not really the truth. 根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)性原則，會接著寫出有關(guān)Scotty's Castle的真相
【小題5】B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章的文體，用客觀的語氣還原事實(shí)的真相。故B符合題意
考點(diǎn)：考察說明性文章
點(diǎn)評：文章主要向讀者介紹了死亡山谷的地理，氣候和位置等以及一系列與死亡山谷相關(guān)聯(lián)的故事和傳說。
說明文是對事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說明的一種文體。它所說明的對象可以是實(shí)體的事物，如儀器儀表、自然環(huán)境等，也可以是抽象的事理、如概念、原理、定律、規(guī)章等。它包括說明書、解說詞、文獻(xiàn)資料、圖表等形式。盡管說明文中可能會摻有一些記述、描寫或議論的成分，但說明文的最主要表達(dá)方式還是說明。必須說明的是與漢語說明文相比，英語說明文所涉及的范圍似乎更大，在英語中，天文地理、人情世故、客觀事物、主觀意識等宇宙間的一切都可以通過說明文加以闡述說明，象the importance of being on tie（準(zhǔn)時(shí)的重要性）和the happiness of reading books（讀書之樂）之類的話題.

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