【題目】More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep. A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night. Prof Richard Wiseman, who commissioned the YouGov poll described the findings as “extremely worrying”. Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they used electronic devices before going to bed. This rose to 91% among the 18 to 24-year-olds questioned in the survey.

Getting less than seven hours sleep a night is below the recommended guidelines, and is associated with a range of problems, including an increased risk of weight gain, heart attacks, diabetes and cancer. “The blue light from these devices suppresses(壓制) the production of the sleep—inducing hormone melatonin, so it’s important to avoid them before bedtime,” said Prof Richard Wiseman, from the University of Hertfordshire.

Everyone needs different amounts of sleep, but adults are generally thought to require a minimum of seven to eight hours a night. Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours. The proportion(比例) of people thought to be getting too little sleep has risen by a fifth since a “bedroom poll” conducted last year by the National Sleep Foundation.

Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people’s risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said, “Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.” So over a long period of time it can damage your eyes. When you’re looking at a smartphone, the light peaking out of that is blue violet. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under-25s check their smartphones 32 times a day.

【1】The purpose of the passage is to ________.

A. stress that people shouldn’t use smartphones

B. remind people of enough sleep

C. ask people not to sleep too much

D. tell people not to use smartphones before bed

【2】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. According to a new survey, more than 28 million people in the UK get more than seven hours sleep a night

B. More than 90% of young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed.

C. Of the 2,149 adults questioned , 91% said they used electronic devices before going to bed.

D. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under-25s check their smartphones 30 times a day.

【3】According to what Andy Heoworth said , the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people’s risk of _________.

A. weight gain

B. cancer

C. eye damage

D. heart attacks

【4】Teenagers are generally thought to get sleep of _____a night.

A. about 9 hours

B. 7—8 hours

C. less than 7 hours

D. more than 10 hours

【答案】to get more, about nine hours.A選項(xiàng)about 9 hours

文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然。解答此類試題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而應(yīng)采取“帶著問題找答案”的方法，先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句，仔細(xì)品味，對(duì)照比較，確定答案。

【解析】 本文是一篇科普說明文。研究表明，睡前使用智能手機(jī)導(dǎo)致睡眠問題。

【1】D

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep.”可知，超過90%的年輕人會(huì)在睡前玩手機(jī)，導(dǎo)致了睡眠問題。因此可推斷出，本文的目的就是告訴人們不要在睡前玩智能手機(jī)。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)是正確的。

【2】B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed,” 超過90%的年輕人會(huì)在睡前玩手機(jī)，導(dǎo)致了睡眠問題�？芍�A是正確的。第二句“A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night.”可知是睡眠不足七小時(shí)，故A的超過7小時(shí)是不對(duì)的，故A是錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)“Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they”可知C項(xiàng)中超過91%是錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù) 最后一句“…under-25s check their smartphones 32 times a day.”可知D項(xiàng)中是30次，D項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的，故只有B項(xiàng)是正確的。

【3】C

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的中的“Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people’s risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said, “Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.””配鏡師警告說，智能手機(jī)的過度使用可能會(huì)增加眼睛損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。配鏡師Andy Hepworth說，“藍(lán)紫光可能對(duì)你眼睛有害的。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。

【4】A

【解題剖析】此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解中的（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合。

【答案定位】根據(jù)第三段中的“Everyone needs different amounts of sleep,…Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours.”….建議青少年的睡眠時(shí)間是每天大約九小時(shí)。

【推理關(guān)系】題干Teenagers are generally thought to get sleep of _____a night. 文章內(nèi)容Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours.

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