Question

【題目】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Weighing the Options

Making decisions when shopping is often a tough call．Even if you’re satisfied with the first dress you try on, would you go on looking for alternatives, comparing styles and prices, until you literally dropped dead?

Psychology researchers have studied how people make decisions and concluded there are two basic styles．“Maximizers” like to take their time and weigh a wide range of options—sometimes every possible one—before choosing．“Satisficers” would rather be fast than thorough.

【1】 So even if they see what would seem to meet their requirements, they can’t make a decision until after they’ve examined every option to make sure that they’re making the best possible choice．Researchers followed 548 job-seeking college seniors at 11 schools from October through their graduation in June．They found that the maximizers landed better jobs．【2】

“The maximizer is kicking himself because he can’t examine every option and at some point had to just pick something,” they say．“Maximizers make best decisions and end up feeling bad about them．【3】”

Satisficers also have high standards, but they are happier than maximizers．Maximizers tend to be more depressed and to report a lower satisfaction with life, his research found.

Faced with so many choices in our lives, we need to learn how not to waste time and energy on our decision-making．

【4】 For instance, if you’re picking a restaurant for a lunch meeting, first deciding on a certain part of town or type of cuisine can narrow your options.

Once you’ve arrived at a decision, stick with it．【5】 To limit the number of options you can consider, you can set a time limit for decision-making．Say you are buying a new bag, you could spend an amount of time studying features, price and value—but if you give yourself only five minutes to make a decision, and there are only these bags you can consider, you’ll save time．You’ll be happier with your decision, too.

A．Maximizers are people who want the best.

B．First of all, decrease your range of options.

C．Comparing is often a must when you make a decision．

D．Just accept that no decision is ever completely perfect.

E．Satisficers make good decisions and end up feeling good.

F．The other is to make decisions more accurately at the beginning.

G．Their starting salaries were 20 percent higher but they felt worse about their jobs．

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】G

【3】E

【4】B

【5】D

【解析】

【1】段首空（非首段），需關(guān)注上一段內(nèi)容和本段下文。上一段將做決定的人分為兩類(lèi)——maximizers 和 satisficers。根據(jù)本段后一句的 they，說(shuō)明所填句子必須包含 某類(lèi)人群，符合的選項(xiàng)有A（maximizers），E（satisficers）；再根據(jù)后一句中的making the best possible choice，可知與A選項(xiàng)want the best 語(yǔ)義相符。

【2】段尾空，需關(guān)注本段上文和下一段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)“重點(diǎn)名詞一致”原則，前一句重點(diǎn)提到 jobs，選項(xiàng)中名詞一致的只有 G（salaries，jobs）；且選項(xiàng)種代詞 their 指代前一句種的maximizers。下一段開(kāi)頭也在探討maximizers。

【3】段尾空，需關(guān)注本段上文和下一段內(nèi)容，可知，兩段在進(jìn)行 maximizers 和satisficers的對(duì)比；且根據(jù)空前一句：maximizers做出最佳選擇，但不開(kāi)心；以及下一 段段首句：satisficers 也有高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但比 maximizers 更開(kāi)心；應(yīng)選擇 E——satisficers 做出好的選擇，并且最終感覺(jué)很好。

【4】段首空，需關(guān)注上一段內(nèi)容和本段下文。上一段說(shuō)我們?cè)诿鎸?duì)選擇時(shí)，如何避免浪費(fèi)時(shí)間精力，因此此處需要具體做法；B、C、D、F 中 B 和 D 為祈使句，再根據(jù) 下文 for instance 可知本段為總分結(jié)構(gòu)，且該句中的 narrow your options 與 B 中的 decrease your range of options語(yǔ)義一致。

【5】段中空，需關(guān)注本段上下文。前一句“一旦作出決定，就要堅(jiān)持不變”；后一句 “為了限制選項(xiàng)數(shù)目，可以設(shè)定一個(gè)抉擇的時(shí)間�！盨ay所在句為舉例，but之后是重點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在限定的時(shí)間內(nèi)迅速做出選擇，而非最合適或最完美的選擇。故選D。另外兩項(xiàng)也 可用排除法，C中的 comparing 與原文內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)；F中的the other與前文不能形成正確的邏輯搭配。