【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Scientists are beginning to understand that sitting down for long hours can be very bad for your health. One of the reasons for this is that poor posture (姿勢) leads 【1】health problems. Here are some suggestions to help improve your posture and your health.

Sitting with poor posture can bring about serious back pain that doesn't go away. Many people believe that they should sit with their backs straight at a 90 degree angle to the floor, 【2】scientists have recently discovered that this actually causes more stress on the body. They find that sitting with the back slightly reclined (斜倚) at a 135 degree angle is the 【3】(healthy) posture, where the back muscles are relaxed and the spine (脊柱) is at 【4】natural resting position.

Many people bend their necks forward to look at a screen or read a book while sitting, 【5】develops constant neck pain. The lower neck muscles need to work very hard to support the 【6】(weigh) of the head. The bones in the spine can slide forward, 【7】 (cause) a great deal of neck pain.【8】 (avoid) this problem, you should try to look at the top part of a computer screen when working at a desk. Your elbows should be at the side and your feet should be flat on the floor.

You should also try to 【9】(regular) stop work and do some exercises. Put your hands behind your back and bring your chest forward slowly. Take a deep breath and relax. Finally, you can try to buy a special kind of chair that 【10】(make)to improve sitting posture.

【答案】

【1】to

【2】but/yet

【3】healthiest

【4】a

【5】which

【6】weight

【7】causing

【8】To avoid

【9】regularly

【10】is made

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章給讀者介紹了幾種改變坐姿和改善健康的方法。

【1】考查介詞。此處考查短語lead to“導(dǎo)致”，故填to。

【2】考查連詞。句意：很多人認(rèn)為他們坐著時應(yīng)和地面保持90度的角，但是科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，這樣坐會給身體造成更多的壓力。結(jié)合句意可知，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but/yet。

【3】考查形容詞最高級。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)坐著時背稍微傾斜，形成135度角才是最健康的姿勢，在這種姿勢下，背部肌肉是放松的，并且脊柱也處于一個自然的休息位置。結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)用healthy的最高級形式修飾名詞posture，故填healthiest。

【4】考查冠詞。句意：同上。結(jié)合句意可知，此處意為“一個自然的休息位置”，是泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，又natural是輔音音素開頭，故填a。

【5】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞是前面的整個句子，它在從句中充當(dāng)主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，故填which。

【6】考查名詞。此處應(yīng)填名詞作為support的賓語，故填weight。

【7】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞作狀語，而此處是指自然而然的結(jié)果，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填causing。

【8】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了避免這個問題，在使用桌邊工作時，你應(yīng)該盡量看電腦屏幕的頂部。結(jié)合句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式表目的，故填To avoid。

【9】考查副詞。此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾動詞stop，故填regularly。

【10】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)前文的can判斷為一般現(xiàn)在，主語that指代前文的chair，是第三人稱單數(shù)，且和make之間是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故填is made。

第5小題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞

確定定語從句關(guān)系詞一般分為三步：找出先行詞；分析先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分；考慮特殊情況。以本題為例：

1. 找出先行詞：Many people bend their necks forward to look at a screen or read a book while sitting

2. 分析先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分：先行詞在從句__5___develops constant neck pain中充當(dāng)主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞

3. 考慮特殊情況：非限制性定語從句中不能使用that

故填which。

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Paragraph outline

Supporting Details

Communication begins with the self

●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages.

●we are always 【1】 in communication with others.

Communication 【2】 others

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Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated

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●Yon may redo the conversation，but you【10】 achieve the same results.

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