12.If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防曬霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays,you may be wrong.Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50reduces the number of melanomas(黑瘤)and delays their occurrence,it can't prevent them.Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers.You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair,fair skin,blue or green eyes,or sunburn easily,or if a close relative has had one.Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun.Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas the evidene is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011Australian study of 1,621people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study,comparing 1,167people with melanomas to 1,101who didn't have the cancer,found that using sunscreen routinely,alongside other protection such as hats,long sleeves or staying in the shade,did give some protection.This study said other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed most beneficial.The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives,so it's not entirely reliable.But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts,failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long.It is sunburn that is most worrying recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates,as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign.So if there is a heat wave this summer,it would be best for us,too,to slip on a shirt,slop on (抹上)sunscreen and slap on a hat.
33.What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?A
A.It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
B.It will protect them from sunburn.
C.It will keep their skin smooth and fair.
D.It will work for people of any skin color.
34.What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?B
A.It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
B.It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
C.It is ineffective with long-term exposure.
D.It is ineffective for people with fair skin.
35.What do we learn from the 2011Australian study of 1,621people?D
A.Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
B.High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
C.Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
D.Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
分析 本文寫了人們對于防曬霜能否防曬能否保護(hù)皮膚的研究.
解答 33.A 根據(jù)第一句If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防曬霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays,you may be wrong果你認(rèn)為高防曬系數(shù)的防曬霜能讓你遠(yuǎn)離有害射線,那你就錯了.由此可以推斷出這是大部分人一般都這么認(rèn)為的,所以答案選A.
34.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)句子 Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun.Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.如果你有周期性的強(qiáng)烈暴露在太陽下,黑色素瘤更為常見,其他皮膚癌長期暴露的可能性也越來越大..可以推斷出在強(qiáng)烈的陽光下sunscreen是無效的,所以答案選B.
35.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)句子A 2011Australian study of 1,621people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.人們發(fā)現(xiàn),每天隨機(jī)選擇涂抹防曬霜的人有一半的黑色素瘤患病率.可見每天使用防曬霜有助于減少黑色素瘤的發(fā)病率.所以答案選D.
點評 本題考查社會文化類閱讀理解.這類題材的閱讀理解是高考常考的內(nèi)容,難度較小,考生可以通讀全文,了解大意,在此基礎(chǔ)上再根據(jù)問題結(jié)合選項及語境做出正確的選擇.